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avexporter/avexporter.m

//

 // File: avexporter.m

 // Project: avexporter

//

//

 // Abstract: This file shows an example of using the export and metadata

 // functions in AVFoundation as a part of a command line tool for

 // simple exports.

//

 // Abstract:   <Description, Points of interest, Algorithm approach>

//

 // Version:    <1.0>

//

 // Disclaimer: IMPORTANT:  This Apple software is supplied to you by Apple Inc. ("Apple")

 //             in consideration of your agreement to the following terms, and your use,

 //             installation, modification or redistribution of this Apple software

 //             constitutes acceptance of these terms.  If you do not agree with these

 //             terms, please do not use, install, modify or redistribute this Apple

 //             software.

//

 //             In consideration of your agreement to abide by the following terms, and

 //             subject to these terms, Apple grants you a personal, non - exclusive

 //             license, under Apple's copyrights in this original Apple software ( the

 //             "Apple Software" ), to use, reproduce, modify and redistribute the Apple

 //             Software, with or without modifications, in source and / or binary forms;

 //             provided that if you redistribute the Apple Software in its entirety and

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 //             prior written permission from Apple.  Except as expressly stated in this

 //             notice, no other rights or licenses, express or implied, are granted by

 //             Apple herein, including but not limited to any patent rights that may be

 //             infringed by your derivative works or by other works in which the Apple

 //             Software may be incorporated.

//

 //             The Apple Software is provided by Apple on an "AS IS" basis.  APPLE MAKES NO

 //             WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED

 //             WARRANTIES OF NON - INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A

 //             PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THE APPLE SOFTWARE OR ITS USE AND OPERATION

 //             ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH YOUR PRODUCTS.

//

 //             IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR

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//

 // Copyright ( C ) 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.

//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      S W I T C H E S

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      P R O T O T Y P E S

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

static void printNSString(NSString *string);

static void printArgs(int argc, const char **argv);

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      AVExporter Class Interface

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@interface AVExporter: NSObject

    NSString * programName;

    NSString * exportType;

    NSString * preset;

    NSString * sourcePath;

    NSString * destinationPath;

    NSString * fileType;

    NSNumber * progress;

    NSNumber * startSeconds;

    NSNumber * durationSeconds;

    BOOL       showProgress;

    BOOL       verbose;

    BOOL       exportFailed;

    BOOL       exportComplete;

    BOOL       listTracks;

    BOOL       listMetadata;

    BOOL       removePreExistingFiles;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   programName;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   exportType;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   preset;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   sourcePath;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   destinationPath;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString  *   fileType;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber  *   progress;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber  *   startSeconds;

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber  *   durationSeconds;

@property (assign)            BOOL          verbose;

@property (assign)            BOOL          showProgress;

@property (assign)            BOOL          exportFailed;

@property (assign)            BOOL          exportComplete;

@property (assign)            BOOL          listTracks;

@property (assign)            BOOL          listMetadata;

@property (assign)            BOOL          removePreExistingFiles;

- (id)initWithArgs: (int) argc  argv: (const char **) argv environ: (const char **) environ;

- (void)printUsage;

- (int)run;

- (NSArray *) addNewMetadata: (NSArray *)sourceMetadataList presetName:(NSString *)presetName;

+ (void) doListPresets;

- (void) doListTracks:(NSString *)assetPath;

- (void) doListMetadata:(NSString *)assetPath;

@end

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      AVExporter Class Implementation

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@implementation AVExporter

@synthesize programName, exportType, preset;

@synthesize sourcePath, destinationPath, progress, fileType;

@synthesize startSeconds, durationSeconds;

@synthesize verbose, showProgress, exportComplete, exportFailed;

@synthesize listTracks, listMetadata;

@synthesize removePreExistingFiles;

-(id) initWithArgs: (int) argc  argv: (const char **) argv environ: (const char **) environ

    self = [super init];

    if (self == nil) {

        return nil;

    printArgs(argc,argv);

    BOOL gotpreset = NO;

    BOOL gotsource = NO;

    BOOL gotout = NO;

    BOOL parseOK = NO;

    BOOL listPresets = NO;

    [self setProgramName:[NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++]];

    argc--;

    while ( argc > 0 && **argv == '-' )

        const char* args = &(*argv)[1];

        argc--;

        argv++;

        if ( ! strcmp ( args, "source" ) )

            [self setSourcePath: [NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++] ];

            gotsource = YES;

            argc--;

        else if (( ! strcmp ( args, "dest" )) || ( ! strcmp ( args, "destination" )) )

            [self setDestinationPath: [NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++]];

            gotout = YES;

            argc--;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "preset" ) )

            [self setPreset: [NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++]];

            gotpreset = YES;

            argc--;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "replace" ) )

            [self setRemovePreExistingFiles: YES];

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "filetype" ) )

            [self setFileType: [NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++]];

            argc--;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "verbose" ) )

            [self setVerbose:YES];

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "progress" ) )

            [self setShowProgress: YES];

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "start" ) )

            [self setStartSeconds: [NSNumber numberWithFloat:[[NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++] floatValue]]];

            argc--;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "duration" ) )

            [self setDurationSeconds: [NSNumber numberWithFloat:[[NSString stringWithUTF8String: *argv++] floatValue]]];

            argc--;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "listpresets" ) )

            listPresets = YES;

            parseOK = YES;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "listtracks" ) )

            [self setListTracks: YES];

            parseOK = YES;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "listmetadata" ) )

            [self setListMetadata: YES];

            parseOK = YES;

        else if ( ! strcmp ( args, "help" ) )

            [self printUsage];

        else {

            printf("Invalid input parameter: %s\n", args );

            [self printUsage];

            return nil;

    [self setProgress: [NSNumber numberWithFloat:(float)0.0]];

    [self setExportFailed: NO];

    [self setExportComplete: NO];

    if (listPresets) {

        [AVExporter doListPresets];

    if ([self verbose]) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Running: %@\n", [self programName]]);

    // There must be a source and either a preset and output (the normal case) or parseOK set for a listing

    if ((gotsource == NO)  || ((parseOK == NO) && ((gotpreset == NO) || (gotout == NO)))) {

        [self printUsage];

        return nil;

    return self;

-(void) printUsage

    printf("avexporter - usage:\n");

    printf("    ./avexporter [-parameter <value> ...]\n");

    printf("     parameters are all preceded by a -<parameterName>.  The order of the parameters is unimportant.\n");

    printf("     Required parameters are  -preset <presetName> -source <sourceFileURL> -dest <outputFileURL>\n");

    printf("     Source and destination URL strings cannot contain spaces.\n");

    printf("     Available parameters are:\n");

    printf("        -preset <preset name>.  The preset name eg: AVAssetExportPreset640x480 AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4VWiFi. Use -listpresets to see a full list.\n");

    printf("        -destination (or -dest) <outputFileURL>\n");

    printf("        -source <sourceMovieURL>\n");

    printf("        -replace   If there is a preexisting file at the destination location, remove it before exporting.");

    printf("        -filetype <file type string> The file type (eg com.apple.m4v-video) for the output file.  If not specified, the first supported type will be used.\n");

    printf("        -start <start time>  time in seconds (decimal are OK).  Removes the startClip time from the beginning of the movie before exporting.\n");

    printf("        -duration <duration>  time in seconds (decimal are OK).  Trims the movie to this duration before exporting.  \n");

    printf("    Also available are some setup options:\n");

    printf("        -verbose  Print more information about the execution.\n");

    printf("        -progress  Show progress information.\n");

    printf("        -listpresets  For sourceMovieURL sources only, lists the tracks in the source movie before the export.  \n");

    printf("        -listtracks  For sourceMovieURL sources only, lists the tracks in the source movie before the export.  \n");

    printf("            Always lists the tracks in the destination asset at the end of the export.\n");

    printf("        -listmetadata  Lists the metadata in the source movie before the export.  \n");

    printf("            Also lists the metadata in the destination asset at the end of the export.\n");

    printf("    Sample export lines:\n");

    printf("    ./avexporter -dest /tmp/testOut.m4v -replace -preset AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4ViPod -listmetadata -source /path/to/myTestMovie.m4v\n");

    printf("    ./avexporter -destination /tmp/testOut.mov -preset AVAssetExportPreset640x480 -listmetadata -listtracks -source /path/to/myTestMovie.mov\n");

static dispatch_time_t getDispatchTimeFromSeconds(float seconds) {

    long long milliseconds = seconds * 1000.0;

    dispatch_time_t waitTime = dispatch_time( DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, 1000000LL * milliseconds );

    return waitTime;

- (int)run

    NSURL   *sourceURL = nil;

    AVAssetExportSession *avsession = nil;

    NSURL   *destinationURL = nil;

    BOOL    success = YES;

    NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

    NSParameterAssert( [self sourcePath] != nil );

    if ([self listTracks] && [self sourcePath]) {

        [self doListTracks:[self sourcePath]];

    if ([self listMetadata] && [self sourcePath]) {

        [self doListMetadata:[self sourcePath]];

    if ([self destinationPath] == nil) {

        NSLog(@"No output path specified, only listing tracks and/or metadata, export was not performed.");

        goto bail;

    if ([self preset] == nil) {

        NSLog(@"No preset specified, only listing tracks and/or metadata, export was not performed.");

        goto bail;

    if ( [self verbose] && [self sourcePath] ) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"all av asset presets:%@", [AVAssetExportSession allExportPresets]]);

    if ([self sourcePath] != nil) {

        sourceURL = [[NSURL fileURLWithPath: [self sourcePath] isDirectory: NO] retain];

    AVAsset *sourceAsset = nil;

    NSError* error = nil;

    if ([self verbose]) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"AVAssetExport for preset:%@ to with source:%@", [self preset], [destinationURL path]]);

    destinationURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath: [self destinationPath] isDirectory: NO];

    if ([self removePreExistingFiles] && [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:[self destinationPath]]) {

        if ([self verbose]) {

            printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Removing re-existing destination file at:%@", destinationURL]);

        [[NSFileManager defaultManager] removeItemAtURL:destinationURL error:&error];

    sourceAsset = [[[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:sourceURL options:nil] autorelease];

    if ([self verbose]) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Compatible av asset presets:%@", [AVAssetExportSession exportPresetsCompatibleWithAsset:sourceAsset]]);

    avsession = [[AVAssetExportSession alloc] initWithAsset:sourceAsset presetName:[self preset]];

    [avsession setOutputURL:destinationURL];

    if ([self fileType] != nil) {

        [avsession setOutputFileType:[self fileType]];

    else {

        [avsession setOutputFileType:[[avsession supportedFileTypes] objectAtIndex:0]];

    if ([self verbose]) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Created AVAssetExportSession: %p", avsession]);

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"presetName:%@", [avsession presetName]]);

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"source URL:%@", [sourceURL path]]);

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"destination URL:%@", [[avsession outputURL] path]]);

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"output file type:%@", [avsession outputFileType]]);

    // Add a metadata item to indicate how thie destination file was created.

    NSArray *sourceMetadataList = [avsession metadata];

    sourceMetadataList = [self addNewMetadata: sourceMetadataList presetName:[self preset]];

    [avsession setMetadata:sourceMetadataList];

    // Set up the time range

    CMTime startTime = kCMTimeZero;

    CMTime durationTime = kCMTimePositiveInfinity;

    if ([self startSeconds] != nil) {

        startTime = CMTimeMake([[self startSeconds] floatValue] * 1000, 1000);

    if ([self durationSeconds] != nil) {

        durationTime = CMTimeMake([[self durationSeconds] floatValue] * 1000, 1000);

    CMTimeRange exportTimeRange = CMTimeRangeMake(startTime, durationTime);

    [avsession setTimeRange:exportTimeRange];

    // start a fresh pool for the export.

    [pool drain];

    pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

    //  Set up a semaphore for the completion handler and progress timer

    dispatch_semaphore_t sessionWaitSemaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create( 0 );

    void (^completionHandler)(void) = ^(void)

        dispatch_semaphore_signal(sessionWaitSemaphore);

};

    // do it.

    [avsession exportAsynchronouslyWithCompletionHandler:completionHandler];

    do {

        dispatch_time_t dispatchTime = DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER;  // if we dont want progress, we will wait until it finishes.

        if ([self showProgress]) {

            dispatchTime = getDispatchTimeFromSeconds((float)1.0);

            printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"AVAssetExport running  progress=%3.2f%", [avsession progress]*100]);

        dispatch_semaphore_wait(sessionWaitSemaphore, dispatchTime);

    } while( [avsession status] < AVAssetExportSessionStatusCompleted );

    if ([self showProgress]) {

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"AVAssetExport finished progress=%3.2f", [avsession progress]*100]);

    [avsession release];

    avsession = nil;

    if ([self listMetadata] && [self destinationPath]) {

        [self doListMetadata:[self destinationPath]];

    if ([self listTracks] && [self destinationPath]) {

        [self doListTracks:[self destinationPath]];

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Finished export of %@ to %@ using preset:%@ success=%s\n", [self sourcePath], [self destinationPath], [self preset], (success ? "YES" : "NO")]);

bail:

    [sourceURL release];

    [pool drain];

    return success;

- (NSArray *) addNewMetadata: (NSArray *)sourceMetadataList presetName:(NSString *)presetName

    // This method creates a few new metadata items in different keySpaces to be inserted into the exported file along with the metadata that

    // was in the original source.

    // Depending on the output file format, not all of these items will be valid and not all of them will come through to the destination.

    AVMutableMetadataItem *newUserDataCommentItem = [[[AVMutableMetadataItem alloc] init] autorelease];

    [newUserDataCommentItem setKeySpace:AVMetadataKeySpaceQuickTimeUserData];

    [newUserDataCommentItem setKey:AVMetadataQuickTimeUserDataKeyComment];

    [newUserDataCommentItem setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"QuickTime userdata: Exported to preset %@ using avexporter at: %@", presetName,

                                      [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:[NSDate date] dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle: NSDateFormatterShortStyle]]];

    AVMutableMetadataItem *newMetaDataCommentItem = [[[AVMutableMetadataItem alloc] init] autorelease];

    [newMetaDataCommentItem setKeySpace:AVMetadataKeySpaceQuickTimeMetadata];

    [newMetaDataCommentItem setKey:AVMetadataQuickTimeMetadataKeyComment];

    [newMetaDataCommentItem setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"QuickTime metadata: Exported to preset %@ using avexporter at: %@", presetName,

                                      [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:[NSDate date] dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle: NSDateFormatterShortStyle]]];

    AVMutableMetadataItem *newiTunesCommentItem = [[[AVMutableMetadataItem alloc] init] autorelease];

    [newiTunesCommentItem setKeySpace:AVMetadataKeySpaceiTunes];

    [newiTunesCommentItem setKey:AVMetadataiTunesMetadataKeyUserComment];

    [newiTunesCommentItem setValue:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"iTunes metadata: Exported to preset %@ using avexporter at: %@", presetName,

                                    [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:[NSDate date] dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle: NSDateFormatterShortStyle]]];

    NSArray *newMetadata = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:newUserDataCommentItem, newMetaDataCommentItem, newiTunesCommentItem, nil];

    NSArray *newMetadataList = (sourceMetadataList == nil ? newMetadata : [sourceMetadataList arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:newMetadata]);

    return newMetadataList;

+ (void) doListPresets

    //  A simple listing of the presets available for export

    printNSString(@"");

    printNSString(@"Presets available for AVFoundation export:");

    printNSString(@"  QuickTime movie presets:");

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPreset640x480]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPreset960x540]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPreset1280x720]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPreset1920x1080]);

    printNSString(@"  Audio only preset:");

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4A]);

    printNSString(@"  Apple device presets:");

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4VCellular]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4ViPod]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4V480pSD]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4VAppleTV]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4VWiFi]);

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleM4V720pHD]);

    printNSString(@"  Interim format (QuickTime movie) preset:");

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetAppleProRes422LPCM]);

    printNSString(@"  Passthrough preset:");

    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"    %@", AVAssetExportPresetPassthrough]);

    printNSString(@"");

- (void)doListTracks:(NSString *)assetPath

    //  A simple listing of the tracks in the asset provided

    NSURL *sourceURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath: assetPath isDirectory: NO];

    if (sourceURL) {

        AVURLAsset *sourceAsset = [[[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:sourceURL options:nil] autorelease];

        printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"Listing tracks for asset from url:%@", [sourceURL path]]);

        NSInteger index = 0;

        for (AVAssetTrack *track in [sourceAsset tracks]) {

            [track retain];

            printNSString([ NSString stringWithFormat:@"  Track index:%ld, trackID:%d, mediaType:%@, enabled:%d, isSelfContained:%d", index, [track trackID], [track mediaType], [track isEnabled], [track isSelfContained] ] );

            index++;

            [track release];

enum {

    kMaxMetadataValueLength = 80,

};

- (void)doListMetadata:(NSString *)assetPath

    //  A simple listing of the metadata in the asset provided

    NSURL *sourceURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath: assetPath isDirectory: NO];

    if (sourceURL) {

        AVURLAsset *sourceAsset = [[[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:sourceURL options:nil] autorelease];

        NSLog(@"Listing metadata for asset from url:%@", [sourceURL path]);

        for (NSString *format in [sourceAsset availableMetadataFormats]) {

            NSLog(@"Metadata for format:%@", format);

            for (AVMetadataItem *item in [sourceAsset metadataForFormat:format]) {

                NSObject *key = [item key];

                NSString *itemValue = [[item value] description];

                if ([itemValue length] > kMaxMetadataValueLength) {

                    itemValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ ...", [itemValue substringToIndex:kMaxMetadataValueLength-4]];

                if ([key isKindOfClass: [NSNumber class]]) {

                    NSInteger longValue = [(NSNumber *)key longValue];

                    char *charSource = (char *)&longValue;

                    char charValue[5] = {0};

                    charValue[0] = charSource[3];

                    charValue[1] = charSource[2];

                    charValue[2] = charSource[1];

                    charValue[3] = charSource[0];

                    NSString *stringKey = [[[NSString alloc] initWithBytes: charValue length:4 encoding:NSMacOSRomanStringEncoding] autorelease];

                    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"  metadata item key:%@ (%ld), keySpace:%@ commonKey:%@ value:%@", stringKey, longValue, [item keySpace], [item commonKey], itemValue]);

                else {

                    printNSString([NSString stringWithFormat:@"  metadata item key:%@, keySpace:%@ commonKey:%@ value:%@", [item key], [item keySpace], [item commonKey], itemValue]);

@end

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      main

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

int main (int argc, const char * argv[], const char* environ[])

    NSAutoreleasePool* pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

    AVExporter* exportObj = [[AVExporter alloc] initWithArgs:argc argv:argv  environ:environ];

    BOOL success;

    if (exportObj)

        success = [exportObj run];

    else {

        success = NO;

    [exportObj release];

    [pool release];

    return ((success == YES) ? 0 : -1);

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      printNSString

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

static void printNSString(NSString *string)

    printf("%s\n", [string cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//      printArgs

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

static void printArgs(int argc, const char **argv)

    int i;

    for( i = 0; i < argc; i++ )

        printf("%s ", argv[i]);

    printf("\n");

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