# zip(_:_:_:) Combines elements from two other publishers and delivers a transformed output. ``` func zip(_ publisher1: P, _ publisher2: Q, _ transform: @escaping (Self.Output, P.Output, Q.Output) -> T) -> Publishers.Map, T> where P : Publisher, Q : Publisher, Self.Failure == P.Failure, P.Failure == Q.Failure ``` ## Parameters `publisher1` A second publisher. `publisher2` A third publisher. `transform` A closure that receives the most-recent value from each publisher and returns a new value to publish. ## Return Value A publisher that uses the `transform` closure to emit new elements, produced by combining the most recent value from three upstream publishers. ## Discussion Use [`zip(_:_:_:)`](/documentation/Combine/Publisher/zip(_:_:_:)-9yqi1) to return a new publisher that combines the elements from two other publishers using a transformation you specify to publish a new value to the downstream subscriber. The returned publisher waits until all three publishers have emitted an event, then delivers the oldest unconsumed event from each publisher together that the operator uses in the transformation. In this example, `numbersPub`, `lettersPub` and `emojiPub` are each a [`PassthroughSubject`](/documentation/Combine/PassthroughSubject) that emit values; [`zip(_:_:_:)`](/documentation/Combine/Publisher/zip(_:_:_:)-9yqi1) receives the oldest value from each publisher and uses the `Int` from `numbersPub` and publishes a string that repeats the from `lettersPub` and `emojiPub` that many times. ``` let numbersPub = PassthroughSubject() let lettersPub = PassthroughSubject() let emojiPub = PassthroughSubject() cancellable = numbersPub .zip(letters, emoji) { anInt, aLetter, anEmoji in ("\(String(repeating: anEmoji, count: anInt)) \(String(repeating: aLetter, count: anInt))") } .sink { print("\($0)") } numbersPub.send(1) // numbersPub: 1 lettersPub: emojiPub: zip output: numbersPub.send(2) // numbersPub: 1,2 lettersPub: emojiPub: zip output: numbersPub.send(3) // numbersPub: 1,2,3 lettersPub: emojiPub: zip output: lettersPub.send("A") // numbersPub: 1,2,3 lettersPub: "A" emojiPub: zip output: emojiPub.send("😀") // numbersPub: 2,3 lettersPub: "A" emojiPub:"😀" zip output: "😀 A" lettersPub.send("B") // numbersPub: 2,3 lettersPub: "B" emojiPub: zip output: emojiPub.send("🥰") // numbersPub: 3 lettersPub: emojiPub:"😀", "🥰" zip output: "🥰🥰 BB" // Prints: // 😀 A // 🥰🥰 BB ``` If any upstream publisher finishes successfully or fails with an error, so too does the zipped publisher. --- Copyright © 2026 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. | [Terms of Use](https://www.apple.com/legal/internet-services/terms/site.html) | [Privacy Policy](https://www.apple.com/privacy/privacy-policy)