# resolve(id:as:) Resolves a local or remote [`ActorID`](/documentation/Distributed/DistributedActorSystem/ActorID) to a reference to given actor, or throws if unable to. ``` func resolve(id: Self.ActorID, as actorType: Act.Type) throws -> Act? where Act : DistributedActor, Self.ActorID == Act.ID ``` ## Parameters `id` The `ActorID` to resolve an actor reference for `actorType` The type of distributed actor the ID is expected to point at. ## Discussion The returned value is either a local actor or proxy to a remote actor. This function is not intended to be used directly, but instead is called by the Swift runtime whenever ``DistributedActor/resolve(id:using:)`or a concrete distributed actor's`init(from:)` is invoked. This function should either return an existing actor reference, or `nil` to signal that a remote distributed actor “proxy” should be created for this [`ActorID`](/documentation/Distributed/DistributedActorSystem/ActorID). If the resolve fails, meaning that it can neither locate a local actor managed by this actor system, nor identify that the identity is located on some remote actor system, then this function should throw. ```swift distributed actor Worker { /* ... */ } // the following internally calls actorSystem.resolve(id: id, as: Worker.self) let worker: Worker = try Worker.resolve(id: id, using: actorSystem) ``` If this function returns correctly, the returned actor reference is immediately usable. It may not necessarily imply the strict *existence* of a remote actor the identity was pointing towards, e.g. when a remote system allocates actors lazily as they are first time messaged to, however this should not be a concern of the sending side. Detecting liveness of such remote actors shall be offered / by transport libraries by other means, such as “watching an actor for termination” or similar. > Throws: When unable to confirm if the `id` is correct, the resolved actor does not match the expected `actorType`, > or any other internal validation error within the actor system’s resolve process occurs. --- Copyright © 2026 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. | [Terms of Use](https://www.apple.com/legal/internet-services/terms/site.html) | [Privacy Policy](https://www.apple.com/privacy/privacy-policy)