This issue is a bit strange. On one machine at work, attempting to use the Xcode 15.0 CarPlay simulator results in devices saying "Accessory Not Supported". The redesigned 15.3 simulator crashes on launch.
We have tried 5 different phones with USB C, Lightning to USB C, Lighting to USB A, etc and the same result occurs on all of the above. Taking the same phones and cables to 4 other laptops works fine.
The non functioning machine connects to any other USB device just fine. We even tried different partitions, installing Xcode, different macOS versions, etc.
There are some suspicious parts of the log on the non working machine:
default 09:18:10.075726-0400 mobileactivationd Client certification requested by CarPlay Simulator
error 09:18:10.088862-0400 CarPlay Simulator Failed to obtain valid certificates from server: <private>
error 09:18:10.103753-0400 CarPlay Simulator Incoming message ID 0xaa04 AuthenticationFailed
and
error 09:18:09.452387-0400 CarPlaySimulatorDeviceLink RemotePairing.framework is not available.
default 09:18:09.452419-0400 CarPlaySimulatorDeviceLink RemotePairing.framework not found.
Meanwhile the working machines according to Activity Monitor is loading /Library/Apple/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/RemotePairing.framework/Versions/A/RemotePairing just fine. The non working machine does have that file on disk, so that's not the issue.
The non working machine is a 2019 i9 16" MBP. Working machines include a 2018 i7 13" MBP, 2021 M1 Max 16" MBP, and 2020 M1 13" MBP.