Did you remember to reboot after removing the Command Line Tools? If not - please repeat the steps again, this time, rebooting after removing the command line tools.

Homebrew should automatically delete toe failed build and create a new build folder. Did you remember to switch to x86_64 mode w/ " arch -x86_64 zsh" before starting homebrew? Also - what are your compiler and linker versions? For me: gcc -v Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.0.29.1) and ld -v @(#)PROGRAM:ld PROJECT:ld64-902.11 BUILD 15:33:08 Jun 9 2023