Inconsistent "New York" font returned between devices

I'm seeing a discrepancy in the metrics of the "New York" system font returned from various Macs. Here's a sample (works well in Playgrounds):

import Cocoa

let font = NSFont(descriptor: .preferredFontDescriptor(forTextStyle: .body).withDesign(.serif)!, size: NSFont.systemFontSize)!

print("\(font.fontName) \(font.pointSize)")
print("ascender: \(font.ascender)")

let layoutManager = NSLayoutManager()
print("lineHeight: \(layoutManager.defaultLineHeight(for: font))")

When I run this on multiple Macs, I get two types of different results. Some – most Macs – report this:

.NewYork-Regular 13.0
ascender: 12.3779296875
lineHeight: 16.0

However, when I run on my own Mac (and also on the one of a colleague), I get this instead:

.NewYork-Regular 13.0
ascender: 14.034145955454255
lineHeight: 19.0

It's clearly the same font in the same point size. Yet the font has different metrics, causing a layout manager to also compute a significantly different line height.

So far I've found out that neither CPU generation/architecture nor macOS version seem to play a role. This issue has been reproducible since at least macOS 14. Having just migrated to a new Mac, the issue is still present.

This does not affect any other system or commonly installed font. It's only New York (aka the serif design).

So I assume this must be something with my setup. Yet I have been unable to find anything that may cause this. Anybody have some ideas? Happy to file a bug report but wanted to check here first.