XPC is a a low-level (libSystem) interprocess communication mechanism that is based on serialized property lists.

Posts under XPC tag

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XPCEndpoint cannot be encoded
I am trying to send an anonymous XPC listener endpoint to my daemon from user context in order to be able to do some bidirectional XPC. I was trying to use the new XPCListener and XPCSession objects and the easiest method I figured was using the Codable version of the send() methods, in which I wanted to send the XPCEndpoint object - alongside the name of the anonymous endpoint (because I want to have more XPCEndpoints sent over, so I want to be able to identify them. However, trying to manually encode XPCEndpoint throws an exception: ERROR: Missing CodingUserInfoKey CodingUserInfoKey(rawValue: "_XPCCodable") Here is a simple command-line tool reproducing the issue: import Foundation import XPC let listener = try XPCListener(service: "mach-service.xxx.yyy", incomingSessionHandler: { $0.accept(incomingMessageHandler: { (msg: XPCReceivedMessage) in return nil }) }) var endpoint = listener.endpoint do { let endpointData = try JSONEncoder().encode(endpoint) print("EndpointData object: \(endpointData.count) bytes") } catch let error { print("ERROR: \(error)") } Wrapping my object into an XPCDictionary, then adding multiple keys alongside an "endpoint" key with the XPCEndpoint as value works, but XPCDictionaries are less ideal - they don't even support vanilla Data objects, only ones converted to an xpc_object_t with xpc_data_* functions Is this expected behavior? I shouldn't encode an XPCEndpoint myself? I am using the latest Xcode 26.0 beta, with deployment target of macOS 15.1, running on macOS 15.5. (Btw it's also incorrect that this XPCEndpoint API is available from macOS 15.0 - it cannot be found in Xcode 15.4 under macOS 15.5. At the very best it's backDeployed but this isn't mentioned in its public declaration.)
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Sep ’25
Confused by new Swift XPC API's xpc_listener_t and xpc_session_t types
Hey! I'm trying to create an XPC messaging feature between my daemon and main application. I'm trying to use the new Swift low-level API available from macOS 14.0. The documentation is extremely confusing when looking at it from Swift: The xpc_listener_t type Seems to be something I shouldn't use in the Swift API, and would rather have to use XPCListener. Also, it appears to have no public API other than the xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement function. Which would make it impossible to create this type. However, when going into xpc.h, one can see that there is an API in fact: API_AVAILABLE(macos(14.0), macCatalyst(17.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(ios, tvos, watchos) XPC_EXPORT XPC_SWIFT_NOEXPORT XPC_RETURNS_RETAINED XPC_WARN_RESULT xpc_listener_t _Nullable xpc_listener_create(const char * service, dispatch_queue_t _Nullable target_queue, xpc_listener_create_flags_t flags, xpc_listener_incoming_session_handler_t incoming_session_handler, xpc_rich_error_t _Nullable * _Nullable error_out); which is a very unusual declaration - the first parameter for example shows up as Int8 type in Swift. Not to mention I haven't been able to create the next parameter, xpc_listener_create_flags_t at all, even though it seems to be a UInt64-based flag based on the C declaration, but passing UInt64(0) throws a compiler error. It really seems like something I shouldn't use from Swift. But then again, the extremely important security-related API mentioned above, xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement can only take an xpc_listener_t object as a parameter, not an XPCListener type. There seems to be no conversion available between the two. However the documentation in the XPC framework seems to be telling the story of these two types being very equal, because of the following: The xpc_session_t type seemingly again has only deprecated methods mostly, the important one staying behind is xpc_session_set_peer_code_signing_requirement. However, this would again require the creation of an xpc_session_t object, for which in the XPC framework one will find declarations like: @available(macOS, introduced: 13.0, deprecated: 14.0, renamed: "XPCSession") @available(macCatalyst, introduced: 16.0, deprecated: 17.0, renamed: "XPCSession") @available(iOS, unavailable) @available(tvOS, unavailable) @available(watchOS, unavailable) public typealias xpc_session_t = OS_xpc_object plus basically all API of XPCSession being originally declared as xpc_session_* APIs and all of them having deprecated: 14.0, renamed: * marks. This is telling me xpc_session_t and XPCSession are in fact the same/same-ish. But again, there is seemingly no conversion between these two types. Which brings me to again being unable to create a code signing requirement for the XPCSession object. I've read some older forum posts, and I saw Apple Engineers admitting the code signing requirement APIs are missing from the new Swift APIs, however they seem to have been added in macOS 14.4 - although it appears to have been mistakenly added to the C-family functions, which have not been exposed to Swift correctly, because they still use the deprecated xpc_listener_t and xpc_session_t types. So my question is: what is going on here? :) Making XPC connections without a code signing requirement in 2025 seems like a no-go, so do I have to still stick with C - even though this new API seems to be focused on Swift?
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Aug ’25
Does NSXPCConnection.setCodeSigningRequirement perform dynamic code signature checks?
To validate incoming XPC connections from other executables, we perform SecCode checks for the dynamic signature of the connection (kSecCSDynamicInformation). Reading the setCodeSigningRequirement(_:) function documentation it appears to perform only static signing checks, is that so? If we use setCodeSigningRequirement(:) function in our listener(:, shouldAcceptNewConnection:) do we still need to check the dynamic information to be properly secure?
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Aug ’25
macOS 14 XPC vs Foundation XPC
I'm looking into a newer XPC API available starting with macOS 14. Although it's declared as a low-level API I can't figure it how to specify code signing requirement using XPCListener and XPCSession. How do I connect it with xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement and xpc_connection_set_peer_code_signing_requirement which require xpc_listener_t and xpc_connection_t respectively? Foundation XPC is declared as a high-level API and provides easy ways to specify code signing requirements on both ends of xpc. I'm confused with all these XPC APIs and their future: Newer really high-level XPCListener and XPCSession API (in low-level framework???) Low-level xpc_listener_t & xpc_connection_t -like API. Is it being replaced by newer XPCListener and XPCSession? How is it related to High-level Foundation XPC? Are NSXPCListener and NSXPCConnection going to be deprecated and replaced by XPCListener and XPCSession??
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1.1k
Aug ’25
Missing flows for content filter on macOS 15 Sequoia
We use as content filter in our app to monitor flows, we gather data about the flow and block flows deemed suspicious. Our content filter is activated/deactivated by a UI app but the flows are reported via XPC to a separate daemon process for analysis. As of macOS 15, we are seeing cases where flows are missing or flows are not received at all by the content filter. The behaviour is not consistent, some devices seem to receive flows normally but others don't. It appears Intel devices are much less prone to showing the problem, whereas Arm devices routinely exhibit missing flows. On macOS 14 or earlier, there is no sign of missing flows. Testing on earlier beta versions of macOS 15 did not appear to show the problem, however I can't rule out if issue was present but it wasn't spotted. Experimenting with simple examples of using a content filter (e.g. QNE2FilterMac) does not appear to reproduce the issue. Questions, What has changed between macOS 14 and 15 that could be the cause of the lack of flows? Is our approach to using an app activated content filter reporting to a daemon connected via XPC unsupported?
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1.4k
Aug ’25
System Network Extension XPC with LaunchAgent
I've discovered that a system network extension can communicate with a LaunchDaemon (loaded using SMAppService) over XPC, provided that the XPC service name begins with the team ID. If I move the launchd daemon plist to Contents/Library/LaunchAgents and swap the SMAppService.daemon calls to SMAppService.agent calls, and remove the .privileged option to NSXPCConnection, the system extension receives "Couldn't communicate with a helper application" as an error when trying to reach the LaunchAgent advertised service. Is this limitation by design? I imagine it is, but wanted to check before I spent any more time on it.
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723
Jul ’25
Recommended / Canonical way to host remote (separate process) SwiftUI views.
I am building a tool that enables the user to write, auto-compile and interact with SwiftUI code (think something like a mini Xcode Canvas). Which so far works really well. The app is not sandboxed since it uses tools like swiftc and sourcekit-lsp. The obvious problem here is that since the 'Preview' part of the app is driven by arbitrary code a crash/hang there would lead to a termination of the whole app. I understand that there are some private apis like NSRemoteView or CALayerHost but I would like to avoid them if I can. From what I see reading other similar solutions IOSurface sharing + event forwarding might be the best solution. So my question is: Is there a proper or recommended way to achieve this? Meaning having a fully interactive SwiftUI view presented in my host app but running on a separate process? Any pointers to the right direction or examples or whatever could help me with this would be greatly appreciated.
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Jul ’25
can an xpc service access the keychain.
I am trying to create an app bundle with an xpc service. The main app creates a keychain item, and attempts to share (keychain access groups) with the xpc service it includes in its bundle. However, the xpc service always encounters a 'user interaction not allowed' error regardless of how I create the keychain item. kSecAttrAccessiblei is set to kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlockedThisDeviceOnly, the keychain access group is set for both the main app and the xpc service and in the provisioning profile. I've tried signing and notarizing. Is it ever possible for an xpc service to access the keychain? This all on macos 15.5.
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Jul ’25
ExtensionKit & ExtensionFoundation process lifecycle
An XPC service’s process has a system-managed lifecycle: the process is launched on-demand when another process tries to connect to it, and the system can decide to kill it when system resources are low. XPC services can tell the system when they shouldn’t be killed using xpc_transaction_begin/end. Do extensions created with ExtensionFoundation and/or ExtensionKit have the same behavior?
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464
Jul ’25
XPC between endpoint security and host application
Hello, I am having some issues with running an XPC server on an endpoint security and connecting to it from the sandboxed host application. I tried doing the following: setting xpc server in endpoint security extension entitlements: <key>com.apple.developer.endpoint-security.client</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.security.xpc.server</key> <true/> Adding the mach service with the plist: <dict> <key>NSExtension</key> <dict> <key>NSExtensionPointIdentifier</key> <string>com.apple.system-extension-endpoint-security</string> <key>NSExtensionPrincipalClass</key> <string>$(PRODUCT_MODULE_NAME).ESFExtension</string> </dict> <key>NSEndpointSecurityMachServiceName</key> <string>[TEAMID]com.[UNIQUE_ID]</string> </dict> </plist> Putting a mach-lookup in sandboxed host application entitlements <dict> <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-only</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.developer.system-extension.install</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.security.exception.mach-lookup.global-name</key> <array> <string>[TEAMID]com.[UNIQUE_ID]</string> </array> </dict> Creating the server in the system extension using xpc_connection_create_mach_service(_service_name.c_str(), dispatch_get_main_queue(), XPC_CONNECTION_MACH_SERVICE_LISTENER); with _service_name being the same as in the mach-lookup entitlement. And connecting to it in the host app with: xpc_connection_create_mach_service([self.serviceName UTF8String], dispatch_get_main_queue(), 0); My problem is I get an xpc error 159 (sandbox restriction) in the lookup (libxpc.dylib) [com.apple.xpc:connection] [0x600001a7db30] failed to do a bootstrap look-up: xpc_error=[159: Unknown error: 159] I tried putting the sysex and the host app in the same app group, and it didn't help and I also read this is bad practice to have an app group between a sandboxed app and a system extension so I removed it. I tried adding a temporary-exception and with it, the code works properly. I tried with the XPC_CONNECTION_MACH_SERVICE_PRIVILEGED flag but it still didn't work. Is it possible to have an XPC connection between a ES sysex and it's host app? Should the service name have a prefix of the bundle name or does it must have a certain pattern? Do I need to add some capability in the Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles? Thanks for helping.
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1.2k
Jun ’25
Cross process URL bookmark
I am developing a background application that acts as a metadata server under MacOS written in Swift. Sandboxed clients prompt the user to select URLs which are passed to the server as security scoped bookmarks via an App Group and the metadata will be passed back. I don't want the I/O overhead of passing the complete image file data to the server. All the variations I have tried of creating security scoped bookmarks in the client and reading them from the server fail with error messages such as "The file couldn’t be opened because it isn’t in the correct format." Can anyone guide me in the right direction or is this just not possible?
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665
Jun ’25
XPC activity doesn’t fire while main app is closed
Hi, I have a sandboxed app with a bundled sandboxed XPC service. When it’s launched, the XPC service registers a repeating XPC activity with the system. The activity’s handler block does get called regularly like I’d expect, but it stops being called once the main app terminates. What’s the recommended way to fix this issue? Could I have a bundled XPC service double as a launch agent, or would that cause other problems?
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May ’25
XPC Connection Error
I have an accessory with MFi authenticaiton passed(got 0xAA05) and identification accepted (got 0x1D02). But when I try to open the target stream by using iAP2 EA session framework, I always enounter the same error looking like: XPC connection error: Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=4099 "The connection to service named com.apple.accessories.externalaccessory-server was invalidated from this process." UserInfo={NSDebugDescription=The connection to service named com.apple.accessories.externalaccessory-server was invalidated from this process.} anybody can tell me what it related with? And what can I do to go through it quickly? Thank you much in advance.
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May ’25
SMAppService getting notified when status changes externally (from System Settings)
Say I want to sync a toggle in my app with SMAppService's .status property. If the status changes from my app I can track it. But if user toggles it from System Settings, I don't see a notification so then the UI in my app is out of date. The status property is not key value observable and there doesn't appear to be a SMAppServiceStatusDidChangeNotification ? I can re-read it every time my app will become active but feels kind of wrong to do it this way.
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470
May ’25
Action Extension Won't Launch Outside Mac App Store: Prompting policy for hardened runtime; service: kTCCServiceAppleEvents requires entitlement com.apple.security.automation.apple-events but it is missing
I have an outside Mac App Store app. It has an action extension. I can't get it to run from Xcode. I try to debug it from Safari. It shows up in the menu when I click the 'rollover' button but it doesn't show up in the UI at all. Xcode doesn't give me any indication as to what the problem is. I see this logs out in console when I try to open the action extension: Prompting policy for hardened runtime; service: kTCCServiceAppleEvents requires entitlement com.apple.security.automation.apple-events but it is missing for accessing={TCCDProcess: identifier=BundleIdForActionExtHere, pid=6650, auid=501, euid=501, binary_path=/Applications/AppNamehere.app/Contents/PlugIns/ActionExtension.appex/Contents/MacOS/ActionExtension}, requesting={TCCDProcess: identifier=com.apple.appleeventsd, pid=550, auid=55, euid=55, binary_path=/System/Library/CoreServices/appleeventsd}, I don't see why the Action extension needs Apple events but I added it to the entitlements anyway but it doesn't seem to matter. The action extension fails to open.
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275
May ’25
communication between live activity and main app
I found the live activity process cannot write to the app group and FileManger, can only read the app group. When I write using FileManager in a live activity process, the console prompts me with a permission error. When I write using UserDefault(suit:) in the live activity process, I read a null value in the main app. Is this the case for real-time event design? I haven’t seen any documentation mentioning this. Does anyone know, thank you very much.
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May ’25
NSXPCListener only working while Debugging `listener failed to activate: xpc_error=[1: Operation not permitted]`
I am building a Mac app that launch a GUI helper app and use XPC to communicate between them. Main app start a XPC Listener using NSXPCListener(machServiceName: "group.com.mycompany.myapp.xpc") Launch the helper app Helper app connect to the XPC service and listen command from main app. What I observe is the app seems can start XPC listener while I run it via Xcode. If I run the app using TestFlight build, or via the compiled debug binary (same one that I use on Xcode), it cannot start the XPC service. Here is what I see in the Console: [0x600000ef7570] activating connection: mach=true listener=true peer=false name=group.com.mycompany.myapp.xpc [0x600000ef7570] listener failed to activate: xpc_error=[1: Operation not permitted] Both main app and helper app are sandboxed and in the same App Group - if they were not, I cannot connect the helper app to main app. I can confirm the entitlement profiles did contain the app group. If I start the main app via xcode, and then launch the helper app manually via Finder, the helper app can connect to the XPC and everything work. It is not related to Release configuration, as the same binary work while I am debugging, but not when I open the binary manually. For context, the main app is a Catalyst app, and helper app is an AppKit app. To start a XPC listener on Catalyst, I had do it in a AppKit bridge via bundle. Given the app worked on Xcode, I believe this approach can work. I just cannot figure out why it only work while I am debugging. Any pointer to debug this issue is greatly appreciated. Thanks!
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450
May ’25
Cleanup LaunchAgents after development
I have been playing with application bundled LaunchAgents: I downloaded Apple sample code, Run the sample code as is, Tweaked the sample code a lot and changed the LaunchAgents IDs and Mach ports IDs, Created new projects with the learnings, etc. After deleting all the Xcode projects and related project products and rebooting my machine several times, I noticed the LaunchAgent are still hanging around in launchctl. If I write launchctl print-disabled gui/$UID (or user/$UID) I can see all my testing service-ids: disabled services = { "com.xpc.example.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.apple.app.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.sample.app.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.example.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.swift.xpc.updater" => disabled "io.dehesa.swift.agent" => disabled } (there are more service-ids in that list, but I removed them for brevity purposes). I can enable or disable them with launchctl enable/disable service-target, but I cannot really do anything else because their app bundle and therefore PLIST definition are not there anymore. How can I completely remove them from my system? More worryingly, I noticed that if I try to create new projects with bundled LaunchAgents and try to reuse one of those service-ids, then the LaunchAgent will refuse to run (when it was running ok previously). The calls to SMAppService APIs such .agent(plistName:) and register() would work, though.
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May ’25
Is there an API to programmatically obtain an XPC Service's execution context?
Hello! I'm writing a System Extension that is an Endpoint Security client. And I want to Deny/Allow executing some XPC Service processes (using the ES_EVENT_TYPE_AUTH_EXEC event) depending on characteristics of a process that starts the XPC Service. For this purpose, I need an API that could allow me to obtain an execution context of the XPC Service process. I can obtain this information using the "sudo launchctl procinfo <pid>" command (e.g. I can use the "domain = pid/3428" part of the output for this purpose). Also, I know that when the xpcproxy process is started, it gets as the arguments a service name and a pid of the process that requests the service so I can grasp the execution context from xpcproxy launching. But are these ways to obtain this info legitimate?
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Apr ’25
iOS not launching my app network extension, it seemingly isn't crashing it either
My personal project is a bit further along however after not being able to get this to work in my app I fell back to a much simpler/proven implementation out there. There is this project on GitHub with a guide that implements a barebones app extension with packet tunneling. I figure this can give us common ground. After changing the bundle and group identifiers to all end with -Caleb and or match up I tried running the app. The app extension does not work whatsoever and seemingly for reasons that are similar to my personal project. If I pull up the console and filter for the subsystem (com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel) I see the following. First you see installd installing it 0x16ba5f000 -[MIUninstaller _uninstallBundleWithIdentity:linkedToChildren:waitForDeletion:uninstallReason:temporaryReference:deleteDataContainers:wasLastReference:error:]: Destroying container com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel with persona 54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8 at /private/var/mobile/Containers/Data/PluginKitPlugin/2D0AE485-BB56-4E3E-B59E-48424CD4FD65 And then installd says this (No idea what it means) 0x16b9d3000 -[MIInstallationJournalEntry _refreshUUIDForContainer:withError:]: Data container for com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel is now at /private/var/mobile/Containers/Data/PluginKitPlugin/2D0AE485-BB56-4E3E-B59E-48424CD4FD65 Concerningly runningboardd seems to immediately try and stop it? Executing termination request for: <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> [app<com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb(54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8)>:1054] Terminating with context: <RBSTerminateContext| explanation:installcoordinationd app:[com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb/54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8] uuid:963149FA-F712-460B-9B5C-5CE1C309B2FC isPlaceholder:Y reportType:None maxTerminationResistance:Absolute attrs:[ <RBSPreventLaunchLimitation| <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> allow:(null)> ]> Then runningboardd leaves a cryptic message Acquiring assertion targeting system from originator [osservice<com.apple.installcoordinationd>:244] with description <RBSAssertionDescriptor| "installcoordinationd app:[com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb/54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8] uuid:963149FA-F712-460B-9B5C-5CE1C309B2FC isPlaceholder:Y" ID:33-244-5222 target:system attributes:[ <RBSPreventLaunchLimitation| <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> allow:(null)> ]> And that seems to be all I have to go off of.... If I widen my search a bit I can see backboardd saying things like Connection removed: IOHIDEventSystemConnection uuid:57E97E5D-8CDE-467B-81CA-36A93C7684AD pid:1054 process:vpn-client type:Passive entitlements:0x0 caller:BackBoardServices: <redacted> + 280 attributes:{ HighFrequency = 1; bundleID = "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb"; pid = 1054; } state:0x1 events:119 mask:0x800 dropped:0 dropStatus:0 droppedMask:0x0 lastDroppedTime:NONE Or Removing client connection <BKHIDClientConnection: 0xbf9828cd0; IOHIDEventSystemConnectionRef: 0xbf96d9600; vpid: 1054(vAF7); taskPort: 0x5D777; bundleID: com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb> for client: IOHIDEventSystemConnection uuid:57E97E5D-8CDE-467B-81CA-36A93C7684AD pid:1054 process:vpn-client type:Passive entitlements:0x0 caller:BackBoardServices: <redacted> + 280 attributes:{ HighFrequency = 1; bundleID = "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb"; pid = 1054; } state:0x1 events:119 mask:0x800 dropped:0 dropStatus:0 droppedMask:0x0 lastDroppedTime:NONE source:HID There's really nothing in the sysdiagnose either. No crash no nothing. I am stumped. Any idea what might be going wrong for me here? Has something about the way app extensions or sandbox rules work changed in later OSes?
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Apr ’25
XPCEndpoint cannot be encoded
I am trying to send an anonymous XPC listener endpoint to my daemon from user context in order to be able to do some bidirectional XPC. I was trying to use the new XPCListener and XPCSession objects and the easiest method I figured was using the Codable version of the send() methods, in which I wanted to send the XPCEndpoint object - alongside the name of the anonymous endpoint (because I want to have more XPCEndpoints sent over, so I want to be able to identify them. However, trying to manually encode XPCEndpoint throws an exception: ERROR: Missing CodingUserInfoKey CodingUserInfoKey(rawValue: "_XPCCodable") Here is a simple command-line tool reproducing the issue: import Foundation import XPC let listener = try XPCListener(service: "mach-service.xxx.yyy", incomingSessionHandler: { $0.accept(incomingMessageHandler: { (msg: XPCReceivedMessage) in return nil }) }) var endpoint = listener.endpoint do { let endpointData = try JSONEncoder().encode(endpoint) print("EndpointData object: \(endpointData.count) bytes") } catch let error { print("ERROR: \(error)") } Wrapping my object into an XPCDictionary, then adding multiple keys alongside an "endpoint" key with the XPCEndpoint as value works, but XPCDictionaries are less ideal - they don't even support vanilla Data objects, only ones converted to an xpc_object_t with xpc_data_* functions Is this expected behavior? I shouldn't encode an XPCEndpoint myself? I am using the latest Xcode 26.0 beta, with deployment target of macOS 15.1, running on macOS 15.5. (Btw it's also incorrect that this XPCEndpoint API is available from macOS 15.0 - it cannot be found in Xcode 15.4 under macOS 15.5. At the very best it's backDeployed but this isn't mentioned in its public declaration.)
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578
Activity
Sep ’25
Confused by new Swift XPC API's xpc_listener_t and xpc_session_t types
Hey! I'm trying to create an XPC messaging feature between my daemon and main application. I'm trying to use the new Swift low-level API available from macOS 14.0. The documentation is extremely confusing when looking at it from Swift: The xpc_listener_t type Seems to be something I shouldn't use in the Swift API, and would rather have to use XPCListener. Also, it appears to have no public API other than the xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement function. Which would make it impossible to create this type. However, when going into xpc.h, one can see that there is an API in fact: API_AVAILABLE(macos(14.0), macCatalyst(17.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(ios, tvos, watchos) XPC_EXPORT XPC_SWIFT_NOEXPORT XPC_RETURNS_RETAINED XPC_WARN_RESULT xpc_listener_t _Nullable xpc_listener_create(const char * service, dispatch_queue_t _Nullable target_queue, xpc_listener_create_flags_t flags, xpc_listener_incoming_session_handler_t incoming_session_handler, xpc_rich_error_t _Nullable * _Nullable error_out); which is a very unusual declaration - the first parameter for example shows up as Int8 type in Swift. Not to mention I haven't been able to create the next parameter, xpc_listener_create_flags_t at all, even though it seems to be a UInt64-based flag based on the C declaration, but passing UInt64(0) throws a compiler error. It really seems like something I shouldn't use from Swift. But then again, the extremely important security-related API mentioned above, xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement can only take an xpc_listener_t object as a parameter, not an XPCListener type. There seems to be no conversion available between the two. However the documentation in the XPC framework seems to be telling the story of these two types being very equal, because of the following: The xpc_session_t type seemingly again has only deprecated methods mostly, the important one staying behind is xpc_session_set_peer_code_signing_requirement. However, this would again require the creation of an xpc_session_t object, for which in the XPC framework one will find declarations like: @available(macOS, introduced: 13.0, deprecated: 14.0, renamed: "XPCSession") @available(macCatalyst, introduced: 16.0, deprecated: 17.0, renamed: "XPCSession") @available(iOS, unavailable) @available(tvOS, unavailable) @available(watchOS, unavailable) public typealias xpc_session_t = OS_xpc_object plus basically all API of XPCSession being originally declared as xpc_session_* APIs and all of them having deprecated: 14.0, renamed: * marks. This is telling me xpc_session_t and XPCSession are in fact the same/same-ish. But again, there is seemingly no conversion between these two types. Which brings me to again being unable to create a code signing requirement for the XPCSession object. I've read some older forum posts, and I saw Apple Engineers admitting the code signing requirement APIs are missing from the new Swift APIs, however they seem to have been added in macOS 14.4 - although it appears to have been mistakenly added to the C-family functions, which have not been exposed to Swift correctly, because they still use the deprecated xpc_listener_t and xpc_session_t types. So my question is: what is going on here? :) Making XPC connections without a code signing requirement in 2025 seems like a no-go, so do I have to still stick with C - even though this new API seems to be focused on Swift?
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574
Activity
Aug ’25
Does NSXPCConnection.setCodeSigningRequirement perform dynamic code signature checks?
To validate incoming XPC connections from other executables, we perform SecCode checks for the dynamic signature of the connection (kSecCSDynamicInformation). Reading the setCodeSigningRequirement(_:) function documentation it appears to perform only static signing checks, is that so? If we use setCodeSigningRequirement(:) function in our listener(:, shouldAcceptNewConnection:) do we still need to check the dynamic information to be properly secure?
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2
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777
Activity
Aug ’25
macOS 14 XPC vs Foundation XPC
I'm looking into a newer XPC API available starting with macOS 14. Although it's declared as a low-level API I can't figure it how to specify code signing requirement using XPCListener and XPCSession. How do I connect it with xpc_listener_set_peer_code_signing_requirement and xpc_connection_set_peer_code_signing_requirement which require xpc_listener_t and xpc_connection_t respectively? Foundation XPC is declared as a high-level API and provides easy ways to specify code signing requirements on both ends of xpc. I'm confused with all these XPC APIs and their future: Newer really high-level XPCListener and XPCSession API (in low-level framework???) Low-level xpc_listener_t & xpc_connection_t -like API. Is it being replaced by newer XPCListener and XPCSession? How is it related to High-level Foundation XPC? Are NSXPCListener and NSXPCConnection going to be deprecated and replaced by XPCListener and XPCSession??
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2
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1.1k
Activity
Aug ’25
Missing flows for content filter on macOS 15 Sequoia
We use as content filter in our app to monitor flows, we gather data about the flow and block flows deemed suspicious. Our content filter is activated/deactivated by a UI app but the flows are reported via XPC to a separate daemon process for analysis. As of macOS 15, we are seeing cases where flows are missing or flows are not received at all by the content filter. The behaviour is not consistent, some devices seem to receive flows normally but others don't. It appears Intel devices are much less prone to showing the problem, whereas Arm devices routinely exhibit missing flows. On macOS 14 or earlier, there is no sign of missing flows. Testing on earlier beta versions of macOS 15 did not appear to show the problem, however I can't rule out if issue was present but it wasn't spotted. Experimenting with simple examples of using a content filter (e.g. QNE2FilterMac) does not appear to reproduce the issue. Questions, What has changed between macOS 14 and 15 that could be the cause of the lack of flows? Is our approach to using an app activated content filter reporting to a daemon connected via XPC unsupported?
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7
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Activity
Aug ’25
System Network Extension XPC with LaunchAgent
I've discovered that a system network extension can communicate with a LaunchDaemon (loaded using SMAppService) over XPC, provided that the XPC service name begins with the team ID. If I move the launchd daemon plist to Contents/Library/LaunchAgents and swap the SMAppService.daemon calls to SMAppService.agent calls, and remove the .privileged option to NSXPCConnection, the system extension receives "Couldn't communicate with a helper application" as an error when trying to reach the LaunchAgent advertised service. Is this limitation by design? I imagine it is, but wanted to check before I spent any more time on it.
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723
Activity
Jul ’25
Recommended / Canonical way to host remote (separate process) SwiftUI views.
I am building a tool that enables the user to write, auto-compile and interact with SwiftUI code (think something like a mini Xcode Canvas). Which so far works really well. The app is not sandboxed since it uses tools like swiftc and sourcekit-lsp. The obvious problem here is that since the 'Preview' part of the app is driven by arbitrary code a crash/hang there would lead to a termination of the whole app. I understand that there are some private apis like NSRemoteView or CALayerHost but I would like to avoid them if I can. From what I see reading other similar solutions IOSurface sharing + event forwarding might be the best solution. So my question is: Is there a proper or recommended way to achieve this? Meaning having a fully interactive SwiftUI view presented in my host app but running on a separate process? Any pointers to the right direction or examples or whatever could help me with this would be greatly appreciated.
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4
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442
Activity
Jul ’25
can an xpc service access the keychain.
I am trying to create an app bundle with an xpc service. The main app creates a keychain item, and attempts to share (keychain access groups) with the xpc service it includes in its bundle. However, the xpc service always encounters a 'user interaction not allowed' error regardless of how I create the keychain item. kSecAttrAccessiblei is set to kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlockedThisDeviceOnly, the keychain access group is set for both the main app and the xpc service and in the provisioning profile. I've tried signing and notarizing. Is it ever possible for an xpc service to access the keychain? This all on macos 15.5.
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324
Activity
Jul ’25
ExtensionKit & ExtensionFoundation process lifecycle
An XPC service’s process has a system-managed lifecycle: the process is launched on-demand when another process tries to connect to it, and the system can decide to kill it when system resources are low. XPC services can tell the system when they shouldn’t be killed using xpc_transaction_begin/end. Do extensions created with ExtensionFoundation and/or ExtensionKit have the same behavior?
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464
Activity
Jul ’25
XPC between endpoint security and host application
Hello, I am having some issues with running an XPC server on an endpoint security and connecting to it from the sandboxed host application. I tried doing the following: setting xpc server in endpoint security extension entitlements: &lt;key&gt;com.apple.developer.endpoint-security.client&lt;/key&gt; &lt;true/&gt; &lt;key&gt;com.apple.security.xpc.server&lt;/key&gt; &lt;true/&gt; Adding the mach service with the plist: &lt;dict&gt; &lt;key&gt;NSExtension&lt;/key&gt; &lt;dict&gt; &lt;key&gt;NSExtensionPointIdentifier&lt;/key&gt; &lt;string&gt;com.apple.system-extension-endpoint-security&lt;/string&gt; &lt;key&gt;NSExtensionPrincipalClass&lt;/key&gt; &lt;string&gt;$(PRODUCT_MODULE_NAME).ESFExtension&lt;/string&gt; &lt;/dict&gt; &lt;key&gt;NSEndpointSecurityMachServiceName&lt;/key&gt; &lt;string&gt;[TEAMID]com.[UNIQUE_ID]&lt;/string&gt; &lt;/dict&gt; &lt;/plist&gt; Putting a mach-lookup in sandboxed host application entitlements &lt;dict&gt; &lt;key&gt;com.apple.security.app-sandbox&lt;/key&gt; &lt;true/&gt; &lt;key&gt;com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-only&lt;/key&gt; &lt;true/&gt; &lt;key&gt;com.apple.developer.system-extension.install&lt;/key&gt; &lt;true/&gt; &lt;key&gt;com.apple.security.exception.mach-lookup.global-name&lt;/key&gt; &lt;array&gt; &lt;string&gt;[TEAMID]com.[UNIQUE_ID]&lt;/string&gt; &lt;/array&gt; &lt;/dict&gt; Creating the server in the system extension using xpc_connection_create_mach_service(_service_name.c_str(), dispatch_get_main_queue(), XPC_CONNECTION_MACH_SERVICE_LISTENER); with _service_name being the same as in the mach-lookup entitlement. And connecting to it in the host app with: xpc_connection_create_mach_service([self.serviceName UTF8String], dispatch_get_main_queue(), 0); My problem is I get an xpc error 159 (sandbox restriction) in the lookup (libxpc.dylib) [com.apple.xpc:connection] [0x600001a7db30] failed to do a bootstrap look-up: xpc_error=[159: Unknown error: 159] I tried putting the sysex and the host app in the same app group, and it didn't help and I also read this is bad practice to have an app group between a sandboxed app and a system extension so I removed it. I tried adding a temporary-exception and with it, the code works properly. I tried with the XPC_CONNECTION_MACH_SERVICE_PRIVILEGED flag but it still didn't work. Is it possible to have an XPC connection between a ES sysex and it's host app? Should the service name have a prefix of the bundle name or does it must have a certain pattern? Do I need to add some capability in the Certificates, Identifiers &amp; Profiles? Thanks for helping.
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1.2k
Activity
Jun ’25
Cross process URL bookmark
I am developing a background application that acts as a metadata server under MacOS written in Swift. Sandboxed clients prompt the user to select URLs which are passed to the server as security scoped bookmarks via an App Group and the metadata will be passed back. I don't want the I/O overhead of passing the complete image file data to the server. All the variations I have tried of creating security scoped bookmarks in the client and reading them from the server fail with error messages such as "The file couldn’t be opened because it isn’t in the correct format." Can anyone guide me in the right direction or is this just not possible?
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10
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665
Activity
Jun ’25
XPC activity doesn’t fire while main app is closed
Hi, I have a sandboxed app with a bundled sandboxed XPC service. When it’s launched, the XPC service registers a repeating XPC activity with the system. The activity’s handler block does get called regularly like I’d expect, but it stops being called once the main app terminates. What’s the recommended way to fix this issue? Could I have a bundled XPC service double as a launch agent, or would that cause other problems?
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4
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419
Activity
May ’25
XPC Connection Error
I have an accessory with MFi authenticaiton passed(got 0xAA05) and identification accepted (got 0x1D02). But when I try to open the target stream by using iAP2 EA session framework, I always enounter the same error looking like: XPC connection error: Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=4099 "The connection to service named com.apple.accessories.externalaccessory-server was invalidated from this process." UserInfo={NSDebugDescription=The connection to service named com.apple.accessories.externalaccessory-server was invalidated from this process.} anybody can tell me what it related with? And what can I do to go through it quickly? Thank you much in advance.
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1
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495
Activity
May ’25
SMAppService getting notified when status changes externally (from System Settings)
Say I want to sync a toggle in my app with SMAppService's .status property. If the status changes from my app I can track it. But if user toggles it from System Settings, I don't see a notification so then the UI in my app is out of date. The status property is not key value observable and there doesn't appear to be a SMAppServiceStatusDidChangeNotification ? I can re-read it every time my app will become active but feels kind of wrong to do it this way.
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470
Activity
May ’25
Action Extension Won't Launch Outside Mac App Store: Prompting policy for hardened runtime; service: kTCCServiceAppleEvents requires entitlement com.apple.security.automation.apple-events but it is missing
I have an outside Mac App Store app. It has an action extension. I can't get it to run from Xcode. I try to debug it from Safari. It shows up in the menu when I click the 'rollover' button but it doesn't show up in the UI at all. Xcode doesn't give me any indication as to what the problem is. I see this logs out in console when I try to open the action extension: Prompting policy for hardened runtime; service: kTCCServiceAppleEvents requires entitlement com.apple.security.automation.apple-events but it is missing for accessing={TCCDProcess: identifier=BundleIdForActionExtHere, pid=6650, auid=501, euid=501, binary_path=/Applications/AppNamehere.app/Contents/PlugIns/ActionExtension.appex/Contents/MacOS/ActionExtension}, requesting={TCCDProcess: identifier=com.apple.appleeventsd, pid=550, auid=55, euid=55, binary_path=/System/Library/CoreServices/appleeventsd}, I don't see why the Action extension needs Apple events but I added it to the entitlements anyway but it doesn't seem to matter. The action extension fails to open.
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275
Activity
May ’25
communication between live activity and main app
I found the live activity process cannot write to the app group and FileManger, can only read the app group. When I write using FileManager in a live activity process, the console prompts me with a permission error. When I write using UserDefault(suit:) in the live activity process, I read a null value in the main app. Is this the case for real-time event design? I haven’t seen any documentation mentioning this. Does anyone know, thank you very much.
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269
Activity
May ’25
NSXPCListener only working while Debugging `listener failed to activate: xpc_error=[1: Operation not permitted]`
I am building a Mac app that launch a GUI helper app and use XPC to communicate between them. Main app start a XPC Listener using NSXPCListener(machServiceName: "group.com.mycompany.myapp.xpc") Launch the helper app Helper app connect to the XPC service and listen command from main app. What I observe is the app seems can start XPC listener while I run it via Xcode. If I run the app using TestFlight build, or via the compiled debug binary (same one that I use on Xcode), it cannot start the XPC service. Here is what I see in the Console: [0x600000ef7570] activating connection: mach=true listener=true peer=false name=group.com.mycompany.myapp.xpc [0x600000ef7570] listener failed to activate: xpc_error=[1: Operation not permitted] Both main app and helper app are sandboxed and in the same App Group - if they were not, I cannot connect the helper app to main app. I can confirm the entitlement profiles did contain the app group. If I start the main app via xcode, and then launch the helper app manually via Finder, the helper app can connect to the XPC and everything work. It is not related to Release configuration, as the same binary work while I am debugging, but not when I open the binary manually. For context, the main app is a Catalyst app, and helper app is an AppKit app. To start a XPC listener on Catalyst, I had do it in a AppKit bridge via bundle. Given the app worked on Xcode, I believe this approach can work. I just cannot figure out why it only work while I am debugging. Any pointer to debug this issue is greatly appreciated. Thanks!
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450
Activity
May ’25
Cleanup LaunchAgents after development
I have been playing with application bundled LaunchAgents: I downloaded Apple sample code, Run the sample code as is, Tweaked the sample code a lot and changed the LaunchAgents IDs and Mach ports IDs, Created new projects with the learnings, etc. After deleting all the Xcode projects and related project products and rebooting my machine several times, I noticed the LaunchAgent are still hanging around in launchctl. If I write launchctl print-disabled gui/$UID (or user/$UID) I can see all my testing service-ids: disabled services = { "com.xpc.example.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.apple.app.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.sample.app.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.example.agent" => disabled "io.dehesa.swift.xpc.updater" => disabled "io.dehesa.swift.agent" => disabled } (there are more service-ids in that list, but I removed them for brevity purposes). I can enable or disable them with launchctl enable/disable service-target, but I cannot really do anything else because their app bundle and therefore PLIST definition are not there anymore. How can I completely remove them from my system? More worryingly, I noticed that if I try to create new projects with bundled LaunchAgents and try to reuse one of those service-ids, then the LaunchAgent will refuse to run (when it was running ok previously). The calls to SMAppService APIs such .agent(plistName:) and register() would work, though.
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487
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May ’25
Is there an API to programmatically obtain an XPC Service's execution context?
Hello! I'm writing a System Extension that is an Endpoint Security client. And I want to Deny/Allow executing some XPC Service processes (using the ES_EVENT_TYPE_AUTH_EXEC event) depending on characteristics of a process that starts the XPC Service. For this purpose, I need an API that could allow me to obtain an execution context of the XPC Service process. I can obtain this information using the "sudo launchctl procinfo <pid>" command (e.g. I can use the "domain = pid/3428" part of the output for this purpose). Also, I know that when the xpcproxy process is started, it gets as the arguments a service name and a pid of the process that requests the service so I can grasp the execution context from xpcproxy launching. But are these ways to obtain this info legitimate?
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484
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Apr ’25
iOS not launching my app network extension, it seemingly isn't crashing it either
My personal project is a bit further along however after not being able to get this to work in my app I fell back to a much simpler/proven implementation out there. There is this project on GitHub with a guide that implements a barebones app extension with packet tunneling. I figure this can give us common ground. After changing the bundle and group identifiers to all end with -Caleb and or match up I tried running the app. The app extension does not work whatsoever and seemingly for reasons that are similar to my personal project. If I pull up the console and filter for the subsystem (com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel) I see the following. First you see installd installing it 0x16ba5f000 -[MIUninstaller _uninstallBundleWithIdentity:linkedToChildren:waitForDeletion:uninstallReason:temporaryReference:deleteDataContainers:wasLastReference:error:]: Destroying container com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel with persona 54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8 at /private/var/mobile/Containers/Data/PluginKitPlugin/2D0AE485-BB56-4E3E-B59E-48424CD4FD65 And then installd says this (No idea what it means) 0x16b9d3000 -[MIInstallationJournalEntry _refreshUUIDForContainer:withError:]: Data container for com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel is now at /private/var/mobile/Containers/Data/PluginKitPlugin/2D0AE485-BB56-4E3E-B59E-48424CD4FD65 Concerningly runningboardd seems to immediately try and stop it? Executing termination request for: <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> [app<com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb(54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8)>:1054] Terminating with context: <RBSTerminateContext| explanation:installcoordinationd app:[com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb/54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8] uuid:963149FA-F712-460B-9B5C-5CE1C309B2FC isPlaceholder:Y reportType:None maxTerminationResistance:Absolute attrs:[ <RBSPreventLaunchLimitation| <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> allow:(null)> ]> Then runningboardd leaves a cryptic message Acquiring assertion targeting system from originator [osservice<com.apple.installcoordinationd>:244] with description <RBSAssertionDescriptor| "installcoordinationd app:[com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb/54D15361-A614-4E0D-931A-0953CDB50CE8] uuid:963149FA-F712-460B-9B5C-5CE1C309B2FC isPlaceholder:Y" ID:33-244-5222 target:system attributes:[ <RBSPreventLaunchLimitation| <RBSProcessPredicate <RBSProcessBundleIdentifiersPredicate| {( "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb", "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb.vpn-tunnel" )}>> allow:(null)> ]> And that seems to be all I have to go off of.... If I widen my search a bit I can see backboardd saying things like Connection removed: IOHIDEventSystemConnection uuid:57E97E5D-8CDE-467B-81CA-36A93C7684AD pid:1054 process:vpn-client type:Passive entitlements:0x0 caller:BackBoardServices: <redacted> + 280 attributes:{ HighFrequency = 1; bundleID = "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb"; pid = 1054; } state:0x1 events:119 mask:0x800 dropped:0 dropStatus:0 droppedMask:0x0 lastDroppedTime:NONE Or Removing client connection <BKHIDClientConnection: 0xbf9828cd0; IOHIDEventSystemConnectionRef: 0xbf96d9600; vpid: 1054(vAF7); taskPort: 0x5D777; bundleID: com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb> for client: IOHIDEventSystemConnection uuid:57E97E5D-8CDE-467B-81CA-36A93C7684AD pid:1054 process:vpn-client type:Passive entitlements:0x0 caller:BackBoardServices: <redacted> + 280 attributes:{ HighFrequency = 1; bundleID = "com.github.kean.vpn-client-caleb"; pid = 1054; } state:0x1 events:119 mask:0x800 dropped:0 dropStatus:0 droppedMask:0x0 lastDroppedTime:NONE source:HID There's really nothing in the sysdiagnose either. No crash no nothing. I am stumped. Any idea what might be going wrong for me here? Has something about the way app extensions or sandbox rules work changed in later OSes?
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Apr ’25