Using an API key with xcodebuild commands for Enterprise builds

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Hey folks,

Looking for some assistance with using an API key with xcodebuild commands to archive/export builds on our Enterprise developer account. The goal here is to allow Xcode to completely manage signing/certificates with our cloud distribution certificate, since these builds are happening in CI and we don't want to be manually handling user sessions/certificates on these machines.

This is working great with our App Store account, but with our Enterprise account we're getting errors both archiving and exporting the builds. Here's an example of an export command that is giving errors:

xcodebuild 
  -exportArchive 
  -exportOptionsPlist /path/to/exportOptions.plist 
  -archivePath /path/to/archive.xcarchive 
  -exportPath /path/to/export
  -authenticationKeyID *** 
  -authenticationKeyIssuerID *** 
  -authenticationKeyPath /path/to/key.p8
  -allowProvisioningUpdates

I've put some example values there, but we've double/triple checked the real values when this is actually running. These are the errors we're getting:

2026-02-02 12:30:04.022 xcodebuild[59722:1854348]  DVTServices: Received response for 0794248F-E534-474D-ABBF-40C1375B6590 @ <https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA>. Error = Error Domain=DVTPortalResponseErrorDomain Code=0 "Communication with Apple failed" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Communication with Apple failed, NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=A non-HTTP 200 response was received (401) for URL https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA}
2026-02-02 12:30:04.173 xcodebuild[59722:1854348]  DVTServices: Received response for 1D51FCD1-1876-4881-BE89-DD44E78EA776 @ <https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA>. Error = Error Domain=DVTPortalResponseErrorDomain Code=0 "Communication with Apple failed" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Communication with Apple failed, NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=A non-HTTP 200 response was received (401) for URL https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA}
2026-02-02 12:30:04.322 xcodebuild[59722:1854344]  DVTServices: Received response for 25D7983F-1153-47C9-AE8A-03A8D10B6453 @ <https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA>. Error = Error Domain=DVTPortalResponseErrorDomain Code=0 "Communication with Apple failed" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Communication with Apple failed, NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=A non-HTTP 200 response was received (401) for URL https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA}
2026-02-02 12:30:04.483 xcodebuild[59722:1854344]  DVTServices: Received response for 8A56C98B-E786-4878-856F-4D7E3D381DEA @ <https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA>. Error = Error Domain=DVTPortalResponseErrorDomain Code=0 "Communication with Apple failed" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Communication with Apple failed, NSLocalizedRecoverySuggestion=A non-HTTP 200 response was received (401) for URL https://appstoreconnect.apple.com/xcbuild/QH65B2/listTeams.action?clientId=XABBG36SBA}
error: exportArchive Communication with Apple failed
error: exportArchive No signing certificate "iOS Distribution" found

We get very similar errors when archiving as well. Are we doing something incorrect here? Is API key usage with xcodebuild not supported for Enterprise builds? Appreciate any help y'all can provide!

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