Ok, so this is very easy to replicate, at least on my development environment. All I did was create a new project (app), add a Storyboard, change two settings then attempt to export.
Here are the directions as detailed as possible:
On my Mac, Open XCode 15.2
Use Xcode menu file -> new -> project
This will open a window with title "Choose template for a new project:"
On this window select iOS and App, then click the Next button.
This will open an new window with title "Choose options for new project".
The team field is already populated with my team(you would need to select your own).
Enter "LaunchScreen" for the project name, then clock Next button
This brings up a window that lets you choose where to create your project. I have my desktop selected.
Click the New Folder button
This brings up a window with title "New Folder"
In the textbox enter "LaunchScreenProject", then click Create button.
This will create a folder on the desktop, close the new folder menu and bring you back to the previous menu instead of having desktop selected the new folder will be selected.
click on the Create button.
This will bring open a new window containing the project that Xcode just created.
From the Project navigator on the left, select the launch screen folder.
From the Xcode menu at the top of the screen, select File -> New -> File
This will open a window with the title "Choose template for new file"
On this window select iOS and Storyboard and the click the Next Button
This will bring up a window.
On my screen, the title field in this window already contains the text the "StoryBoard", you may need to type that in.
The StoryBoard folder was already selected and the Group was set to LaunchScreen. The targets checkbox for LaunchScreen was selected.
Using the defaults on this screen, click the create button.
This will return you to the project view screen.
In the Project navigator on the left a new StoryBoard entry will appear under the LaunchScreen folder.
In the Project navigator select the top most item LaunchScreen. The middle window should change and show "LaunchScreen" as the title.
For me the, under Targets "LaunchScreen was selected
This seems to control which settings were being displayed. So make sure that is selected.
In the middle window, scroll down through the settings until you see LaunchScreen file.
From the dropdown select Storyboard.storyboard
From the Project navigator window on the left find and select the StoryBoard entry that you created in a previous step. It should be the bottom most item, it was for me.
This will populate the middle window with the title Storyboard. In this middle window you should see the text ">View Controller Scene". Select that item.
This should cause the right most window to populate with new settings. For me the Show Attributes inspector was already select on this window, if it is not you will need to click on appropriate icon to open the settings.
From the Show Attributes inspector settings, find the checkbox next to the text "Is Initial View Controller" make sure that is checked.
This next step is where it crashed, so I recommend that you go to Xcode menu at the top of the screen and select File -> Save.
You should still have the StoryBoard item in the Project Navigator window on the left select, if not select it.
From the Xcode menu at the top of the screen and select File -> Export. This will open a new window that lets you select the exported file name, location and File format.
I selected the Desktop-icloud as my location. I used the default name StoryBoard already populated as my file name. From the File format I select Interface Builder Storyboard Package.
Click the save button. That is when it crashes.