There is a Android Dynamic Performance Framework, https://developer.android.com/games/optimize/adpf which allows you to monitor device's thermal state and send performance hints to the OS, describing current workload. This helps to consume resources effectively, while having target performance. As I can see from tracing and profiling, hints help OS scheduler to switch tasks between cores more effectively - this helps to reach performance stability between multiple runs.
I wonder, is there anything similar for iOS platform?
There is no API with that level of granularity that I'm aware of. You can request one with the Feedback Assistant.
Instruments can be used to monitor thermal state as an aggregate value but not with respect to specific cores.
If your goal is consistently measuring performance between multiple runs you can use the com.apple.developer.sustained-execution entitlement.
