USBDriverKit

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Develop drivers for USB-based devices using USBDriverKit.

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How to override the default USB video
According to the doc, I did a simple demo to verify. My env: ProductName: macOS ProductVersion: 15.5 BuildVersion: 24F74 2.4 GHz 四核Intel Core i5 Info.plist: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>IOKitPersonalities</key> <dict> <key>UVCamera</key> <dict> <key>CFBundleIdentifierKernel</key> <string>com.apple.kpi.iokit</string> <key>IOClass</key> <string>IOUserService</string> <key>IOMatchCategory</key> <string>$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)</string> <key>IOProviderClass</key> <string>IOUserResources</string> <key>IOResourceMatch</key> <string>IOKit</string> <key>IOUserClass</key> <string>UVCamera</string> <key>IOUserServerName</key> <string>$(PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER)</string> <key>IOProbeScore</key> <integer>100000</integer> <key>idVendor</key> <integer>1452</integer> <key>idProduct</key> <integer>34068</integer> </dict> </dict> <key>OSBundleUsageDescription</key> <string></string> </dict> </plist> UVCamera.cpp // // UVCamera.cpp // UVCamera // // Created by DTEN on 2025/6/12. // #include <os/log.h> #include <DriverKit/IOUserServer.h> #include <DriverKit/IOLib.h> #include "UVCamera.h" kern_return_t IMPL(UVCamera, Start) { kern_return_t ret; ret = Start(provider, SUPERDISPATCH); os_log(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, "Hello World"); return ret; } UVCamera.iig // // UVCamera.iig // UVCamera // // Created by DTEN on 2025/6/12. // #ifndef UVCamera_h #define UVCamera_h #include <Availability.h> #include <DriverKit/IOService.iig> class UVCamera: public IOService { public: virtual kern_return_t Start(IOService * provider) override; }; #endif /* UVCamera_h */ Then I build by xcode and mv it to /Library/DriverExtensions: sudo mv com.lqs.MyVirtualCam.UVCamera.dext /Library/DriverExtensions sudo kmutil install -R / -r /Library/DriverExtensions kmutil rebuild done However,the dext can't be loaded: kmutil showloaded --list-only | grep UVCamera No variant specified, falling back to release What's the problem? anyone can help me?
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Jun ’25
USB DEXT Service registration and daemon communication
Dear Apple Developer Community, I hope you're all doing well. I'm running into an issue where a USB DEXT doesn’t seem to be fully registered in the IORegistry, which is preventing the user client (daemon) from connecting and communicating with it. The DEXT is supposed to authorize any USB device connections based on the daemon’s response. Here’s a simplified example to illustrate the issue: // MyUSBDEXT.h class MyUSBDEXT : public IOService { public: virtual kern_return_t Start(IOService *provider) override; virtual bool init() override; virtual kern_return_t Stop(IOService *provider) override; virtual kern_return_t NewUserClient(uint32_t type, IOUserClient **userClient) override; }; // MyUSBDEXT.cpp kern_return_t IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start) { // USB device handling kern_return_t result = RegisterService(); if (result != kIOReturnSuccess) { os_log_error(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, "RegisterService() failed with error: %d", result); goto Exit; // Exit if registration fails } // Wait for NewUserClient creation and daemon response // Return: Allow or Deny the USB connection } kern_return_t IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, NewUserClient) { // Handle new client creation } In the example above, IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start) waits for a user client to establish communication after calling RegisterService(), and only then does it proceed to allow or deny the USB device connection. Based on my observations, even after RegisterService() returns kIOReturnSuccess, the DEXT entry appears in the IORegistry but remains unregistered, preventing user clients from connecting. MyUSBDEXT &lt;class IOUserService, id 0x100001185, !registered, !matched, active, busy 0, retain 7&gt; However, if IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start) does not wait after calling RegisterService(), the DEXT gets fully registered, allowing user clients to connect and communicate with it. MyUSBDEXT &lt;class IOUserService, id 0x100001185, registered, matched, active, busy 0, retain 7&gt; This creates a challenge: IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start) needs to wait for a user client to establish communication to Allow or Deny USB connections, but the user client can only connect after MyUSBDEXT::Start() completes. According to Apple’s documentation, RegisterService() initiates the registration process for the service, but it is unclear when the process actually completes. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/kernel/ioservice/3180701-registerservice Is there a way to ensure that RegisterService() fully completes and properly registers the entry in IORegistry before returning from IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start)? Alternatively, in a USB DEXT, is it possible to make the USB device authorization decision (allow/deny) after IMPL(MyUSBDEXT, Start) has completed? Or is there another recommended approach to handle this scenario? Any insights would be greatly appreciated!
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Jun ’25
USB Accessory Device Charging Behavior Changed with iOS18
Hello, We are experiencing some issues with our USB accessory unexpectedly charging the iOS device it is connected with only when the iOS device supports USB-C and is on iOS 18+ The following is a description of the discrepancy we note between iOS versions: After performing a USB Role switch, our Accessory becomes a typical USB Device and the Apple device becomes the USB host. with iOS 17: 
 The Accessory then sends a PowerSourceUpdate message to the iOS 17 device via iAP2 protocol. Apple device has a USB Type C Connector. * We are specifying: AvailableCurrentForDevice = 0 mA  DeviceBatteryShouldChargeIfPowerIsPresent = 1. Three observations: iPad Battery Settings page -  we observe  'Last charged to…' (indicating no charging) On the Lumify App running (iOS 17), we observe that UIKit.current.batteryState indicated 'Not charging' Battery icon on top right of the screen indicates 'No Charging' with iOS 18: The same Accessory sends the same PowerSourceUpdate message to the iOS 18 device via iAP2 protocol using USB Type C Connector. We are specifying the same: AvailableCurrentForDevice = 0 mA DeviceBatteryShouldChargeIfPowerIsPresent = 1. We observe: iPad Battery Settings page -  we observe  'Charging'  On the Lumify App running (iOS 18), we observe that UIKit.current.batteryState indicated 'Charging' Battery icon on top right of the screen indicates 'No Charging' Please could you help us understand why the Battery status is showing as 'Charging' in the Settings page and with the 'UIKit.current.batteryState' even though we have specified 'AvailableCurrentForDevice = 0 mA'?
 Since our accessory is heavily reliant on the Battery status / Charging state, is there potentially another way we get an accurate battery charging status that we are missing? Or are there other suggestions outside of what we do currently to ensure our accessory does not place the iOS18 device into a charging state?
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May ’25
Xcode archive DriverKit application
I am trying to build a release for an application that installs a DriverKit driver. I created a Developer ID Application Profile with a valid certificate but I'm coming across this error in Xcode 16.3 that is preventing me from archiving: Xcode 14 and later requires a DriverKit development profile enabled for iOS and macOS. Visit the developer website to create or download a DriverKit profile. I thought I needed a Dev ID Application profile to distribute the application and that a Development profile is for testing. Is there something I'm missing?
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Apr ’25
DriverKit: embedded.mobileprofile has the wildcard USB Vendor ID instead of my assigned Vendor ID
I've added my Vendor ID to the appropriate entitlement files but my binary fails validation when trying to upload it to the store for distribution. The embeded.mobileprovision file in the generated archive shows an asterisk instead of my approved Vendor ID. How can I make sure the embedded provisioning file has my Vendor ID?
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1.9k
Apr ’25
DriverKit driver doesn't appear in Settings when installed with iPad app
I'm working on a DriverKit driver. I have it running on macOS, including a very simple client app written in SwiftUI. Everything is working fine there. I've added iPadOS as a destination for the app as demonstrated in the WWDC video on DriverKit for iPadOS. The app builds and runs on my iPad, as expected (after a little work to conditionalize out my use of SystemExtensions.framework for installation on macOS). However, after installing and running the app on an iPad, the driver does not show up in Settings->General, nor in the app-specific settings pane triggered by the inclusion of a settings bundle in the app. I've confirmed that the dext is indeed being included in the app bundle when built for iPadOS (in MyApp.app/SystemExtensions/com.me.MyApp.MyDriver.dext). I also can see in the build log that there's a validation step for the dext, and that seems to be succeeding. I don't know why the app isn't being discovered -- or in any case surfaced to the user -- when the app is installed on the iPad. Has anyone faced this problem and solved it? Are there ways to troubleshoot installation/discovery of an embedded DriverKit extensions on iOS? Unlike on macOS, I don't really see any relevant console messages.
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Apr ’25
Dext not initializing with a log "Failed to write extension load report plist"
When plugging in my matched USB device I see the logs below. It seems the kernelmanagerd process is sandboxed and can't write out the reason my Dext failed to load. Is there somewhere else I can look for this info? default 11:03:22.175152-0700 kernelmanagerd Received kext load notification: me.keithg.MyUserUSBInterfaceDriver default 11:03:22.177637-0700 kernel 1 duplicate report for Sandbox: icdd(2124) allow file-read-data /Library/Image Capture/Devices error 11:03:22.177681-0700 kernel Sandbox: kernelmanagerd(545) deny(1) file-write-create /private/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/com.apple.kernelmanagerd/TemporaryItems com.apple.libcoreservices error 11:03:22.177711-0700 kernelmanagerd mkdir: path=/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/com.apple.kernelmanagerd/TemporaryItems/ mode= -rwx------: [1: Operation not permitted] error 11:03:22.179361-0700 kernel Sandbox: kernelmanagerd(545) deny(1) file-write-create /private/var/db/loadedkextmt.plist.sb-5a00fc77-LNttZF com.apple.libcoreservices error 11:03:22.177755-0700 kernelmanagerd _dirhelper_relative_internal: error for path <private>: [1: Operation not permitted] com.apple.accessories default 11:03:22.177674-0700 WindowServer Sending analytics event... (eventName: com.apple.ioport.transport.USB.published) error 11:03:22.179913-0700 kernelmanagerd Failed to write extension load report plist.
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Mar ’25
FTDI Serial Support on iOS18 with USB-C iPhones
I read that iPadOS supports driverkit, and, presumably, the same serial FTDI UARTs as macOS. Has this been migrated to USB-C iPhones on iOS 18? After some searching, the developer doc is not clear, and web responses are contradictory. We are currently using it for a wired sensor option of our BlueTooth HR sensor. When it is used in wired config, the radios are turned off. This is important to some of our customers. Since Lightning MFI sensors are being discontinued with Apple killing Lightning, we would love to have an alternative for iOS. -- Harald
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Mar ’25
DriverKit IOUSBHostInterface iterator always empty
I'm trying to iterate through a USB device but the iterator is always empty or contains only the matched interface: Single interface in Iterator This happens when my driver matches against the interface. Because I need to use 2 interfaces (control and cdc), I try to open the IOUSBHostDevice (copied from the interface) and iterate through the rest, but I only get the interface my dext matched with. Empty Iterator I decided to match against USB communication devices, thinking things would be different. However, this time the interface iterator is completely empty (provider is IOUSBHostDevice). Here's a snippet of my code before iterating with IOUSBHostDevice->CopyInterface(): // teardown the configured interfaces. result = device->SetConfiguration(ivars->Config, true); __Require_noErr_Action(result, _failure_Out, ELOG("IOUSBHostDevice::SetConfiguration failed 0x%x", result)); // open usb device result = device->Open(this, 0, 0); __Require_noErr_Action(result, _failure_Out, ELOG("Failed to open IOUSBHostDevice")); // Get interface iterator result = device->CreateInterfaceIterator(&iterRef); __Require_noErr_Action(result, _failure_Out, ELOG("IOUSBHostDevice::CreateInterfaceIterator failed failed: 0x%x", result));
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Mar ’25