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Explore the networking protocols and technologies used by the device to connect to Wi-Fi networks, Bluetooth devices, and cellular data services.

Networking Documentation

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Using activeOperationalDataSet with Matter chip-tool
I am trying to commission an ESP32-H2 Matter device using the chip-tool. It's running the Light Switch sample. I can commissioning it using the iOS Home App, so I know the code on it's working okay. I would like to understand more about the Fabric process, so I'd like to use the Home Pod powered Thread network rather than setting up an instance of Open Thread Border Router. I have created a simple iOS app and can fetch the activeOperationalDataSet from the Preferred network using func obtainPreferredNetworkCredentials() async -> (Void) { let client = THClient() let bIsPreferredAvailable = await client.isPreferredAvailable() if bIsPreferredAvailable == true { var credential: THCredentials? do { credential = try await client.preferredCredentials() if let dataset = credential?.activeOperationalDataSet { print(dataset.hexDescription) } } catch { print("Failed to get the credentials") } } } The hexDescription comes from this extension extension Data { var hexDescription: String { return reduce("") {$0 + String(format: "%02x", $1)} } } I am decoding the Data and displaying it as a hex string. It looks something like this: 0e080000000000000000000300001935060004001fffc002089f651677026f48070708fd9f65167702000ee90914b5d1097de9bb0818dc94690c0402a0f7f8 However, when I attempt to commission the device, it fails during ThreadSetup. Googling the issue says most likely the Operational Dataset is wrong in some way. Before I spend too much time on this, I want to make sure I'm doing the right thing in terms of getting the Operational Dataset to use with the chip-tool. Any help is appreciated!
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332
Mar ’25
UDP Broadcast/Multicast Reception Stops for Intervals
Our app receives real-time GPS and aircraft data from devices via UDP broadcast and/or multicast on a WiFi network created by the device. We have identified that the iPhone or iPad will just stop receiving UDP broadcast/multicast data for an interval of time. In general, it appears after roughly every 128KB of data is received. In the attached screenshot from Xcode instruments, you can see the data reception alternating on/off. We have verified with Wireshark that the data is still flowing during that entire time period. And by tracking bytes received the app ultimately receives about 55% of the bytes, which tracks with the Network graph. We have used different approaches to the network code, including GCDAsyncUdpSocket, BSD Sockets, and the Network framework. We've tried it on background threads and the main thread. Tested it on iPads and iPhones. All produce the same result. The data is just never reaching the app code. Any insight on what may be temporarily disabling data reception?
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261
Mar ’25
Crash heppen when i set to false to the usesClassicLoadingMode in URLSessionConfiguration
when i set the flag false to the usesClassicLoadingMode, then the application is getting crashed Ex: let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default if #available(iOS 18.4, *) { config.usesClassicLoadingMode = false } Crash log : *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[__NSCFBoolean objectForKeyedSubscript:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x1f655c390' *** First throw call stack: (0x188ae52ec 0x185f69a7c 0x188b4f67c 0x1889fcb84 0x1889fc4f0 0x191393bc8 0x1889ec8a0 0x1889ec6e4 0x191393ad0 0x191344dac 0x191344b58 0x107cfa064 0x107ce36d0 0x191343fcc 0x1891b3b18 0x1892dae58 0x189235c60 0x18921e270 0x18921d77c 0x18921a8ac 0x107ce0584 0x107cfa064 0x107ce891c 0x107ce95d8 0x107ceabcc 0x107cf5894 0x107cf4eb0 0x212f51660 0x212f4e9f8) terminating due to uncaught exception of type NSException
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142
Apr ’25
After creating the profile using eapolcfg and attempting to connect to the enterprise network, eapolclient connection fails.
I use eapolcfg in Apple's open source eap8021x repository to connect to the enterprise network. 1.https://github.com/gfleury/eap8021x-debug https://opensource.apple.com/source/eap8021x/eap8021x-304.100.1/ Our enterprise network authentication is PEAP. So far, I have created a profile using the following commands and have done the access. ./eapolcfg createProfile --authType PEAP --SSID myssid --securityType WPA2 --userDefinedName MyProfile ./eapolcfg setPasswordItem --password mypassword --name myname --SSID myssid ./eapolcfg startAuthentication --interface en0 --SSID myssid After I performed this series of operations, I passed BOOL success = [self.interface associateToEnterpriseNetwork:network identity:nil username:username password:password error:&error]; Connection will pop up the following pop-up window, sometimes associateToEnterpriseNetwork will fail. I don't know what went wrong, is it that I missed some steps through the eapolcfg [tool?] This function also reports the following error:Error Domain=com.apple.coreWLAN.EAPOL.error Code=1 "(null)" Please answer my questions. Thank you very much
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427
Mar ’25
NEHotspotHelper API
For our outdoor power supply company that builds public WiFi networks at camping sites, we want to implement the following features in our app: Scan surrounding WiFi networks When detecting specific public WiFi SSIDs, provide users with corresponding passwords Automatically connect to those WiFi networks Regarding the NEHotspotHelper API permission application, when I clicked on https://developer.apple.com/contact/request/network-extension, it redirected me to https://developer.apple.com/unauthorized/. I'm not sure where to properly apply for this permission now.
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42
May ’25
Network Service Order for IoT Ethernet device
I am making a USB attached IoT device that follows the Matter approach to connectivity (IP/mDNS/DHCP). I am having conflicts with it as it appears to MacOS as an Ethernet adapter and this is causing it to be assigned as a "default" route, interfering with routing when my Mac is connected to NAT based WiFi. I'd like to be able to hint to MacOS & iPadOS that this is not a routable private network, the subnet should be respected and a default route should not be assigned to it, otherwise the order of the device connection is used by the IP routing tables and I am concerned my non-routable private network will initialize before Wifi and block NAT based internet connectivity. How can I hint to MacOS/iPadOS "this is not a routable private network, this is not a NAT, do not assign me a default route beyond the subnet I have provided you."
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111
Apr ’25
Clarification on IPv4 and Relay Configuration with matchDomains
Hi, I would like to confirm whether the matchDomains property in NERelayManager operates strictly at the Application Layer. Specifically, it seems that adding IPv4 addresses or IPv4 CIDR blocks to the matchDomains list does not work, as the relay manager appears unable to match them. For example, I tried adding the following IPv4 patterns to the matchDomains list: 11.22.33.44 11.22.. 11.22.* However, these IPv4 addresses or patterns are not routed through my Relay server. Additionally, I have observed that when using only the excludedDomains property, the desired IPv4 traffic is correctly routed to the relay server as expected. My question is: Can IPv4 addresses or IPv4 CIDR ranges work with matchDomains? If not, is there an alternative approach to enable IPv4 matching while matchDomains is active?
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401
Jan ’25
Could not delete cookies on IOS18
Hello, I have encountered an issue with an iPhone 15PM with iOS 18.5. The NSHTTPCookieStorage failed to clear cookies, after clearing them, I was still able to retrieve them. However, on the same system NSHTTPCookie *cookie; NSHTTPCookieStorage *storage = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage]; for (cookie in [storage cookies]) { [storage deleteCookie:cookie]; } NSArray *cookies = [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookiesForURL:[[self url] absoluteURL]]; // still able to get cookies,why???
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97
Jun ’25
5G Network Slicing and NetworkExtension
Hello, I am writing a NetworkExtension VPN using custom protocol and our client would like to able to use 5G network slice on the VPN, is this possible at all? From Apple's documentation, I found the following statement: If both network slicing and VPN are configured for an app or device, the VPN connection takes precedence over the network slice, rendering the network slice unused. Is it possible to assign a network slice on a NetworkExtension-based VPN and let the VPN traffic uses the assign network slice? Many thanks
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574
Dec ’25
Is there any API for real-time Wi-Fi connection monitoring?
We are developing an iOS application with a key feature designed to enhance user safety: real-time assessment of Wi-Fi network security. The "Safe Wi-Fi" feature aims to inform users about the security level of the Wi-Fi network they are currently connected to. Our goal is to provide this information seamlessly and continuously, even when the user isn't actively using the app. Currently, we've implemented this feature using a NWPathMonitor. The limitation of NWPathMonitor is that it doesn't function when the app is in a kill state. We are looking for guidance on how to achieve persistent Wi-Fi security monitoring in the background or when the app is killed. Is there any API (Public, Special API, etc) or a recommended approach that allows for real-time Wi-Fi connection monitoring (including connection changes and network details) even when the app is not actively running or is in a kill state. Thank you in advance for your help.
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148
Jun ’25
split Tunnel + exclude APNs
Hello, im currently developing proxy app with XrayCore trying to bypass APNs when tunnel us up and i found .excludeAPNs property in NETunnelProviderProtocol that works only when includeAllNetworks property is also TRUE. I wonder if there is a possible way to make APNs bypass tunnel in split tunnelling mode? because we use excludedRoutes and full tunnel is not an option
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101
May ’25
WiFi Connect Error
When I used the iPhone 11 to scan the wifi connection, the system reported an error,   ‘’’ let config = NEHotspotConfiguration(ssid: name, passphrase: passwd, isWEP: false) let manager = NEHotspotConfigurationManager() manager.apply(config) { error in      } ’’’ NEHotspotConfigurationErrorDomain Code=8 “internal error.” , the only thins that fixes this issue it restarting the iPhone. What is the reason for this and how to solve it? Reference link: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/111638 https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/ask/sof/114654981
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76
Mar ’25
PF rules issue on MacOS 15
Hey! We are investigating a problem pf rules being ignored by some processes. Despite blocking all traffic, some outgoing unicast packets can be seen in tcpdump. Issue is present in MacOS 15.0.0 - 15.3.1 (Newest at the time of writing). I tested MacOS 14.7.4 and pf rules there behaved as expected. Steps to reproduce the issue: $ cat pf.conf block all $ sudo pfctl -e -F all -f ./pf.conf Password: pfctl: Use of -f option, could result in flushing of rules present in the main ruleset added by the system at startup. See /etc/pf.conf for further details. No ALTQ support in kernel ALTQ related functions disabled rules cleared nat cleared dummynet cleared 0 tables deleted. 196 states cleared source tracking entries cleared pf: statistics cleared pf: interface flags reset pfctl: pf already enabled After executing these commands MacOS 14 will block all outgoing unicast traffic, and on MacOS 15 data can be sent to arbitrary addresses: $ ifconfig en0 en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 options=6460<TSO4,TSO6,CHANNEL_IO,PARTIAL_CSUM,ZEROINVERT_CSUM> ether b6:5e:a5:c5:1e:db inet6 fe80::1090:9c8:4325:329a%en0 prefixlen 64 secured scopeid 0xe inet 192.168.50.144 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.50.255 nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD> media: autoselect status: active $ sudo tcpdump -k A -i any -n src 192.168.50.144 tcpdump: data link type PKTAP tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode listening on any, link-type PKTAP (Apple DLT_PKTAP), snapshot length 524288 bytes 12:05:12.673472 (en0, proc com.apple.geod:1286:, svc BE, out, ch, flowid 0x0, ttag 0x0, dlt 0x1, cmpgc 0x0) IP 192.168.50.144.52012 > 17.253.15.196.443: Flags [P.], seq 1888882378:1888882402, ack 3554898220, win 2048, options [nop,nop,TS val 2752050055 ecr 1291585385], length 24 12:05:13.793937 (en0, proc com.apple.WebKit:974:, eproc Safari:804:, svc BE, out, ch, flowid 0x0, ttag 0x0, dlt 0x1, cmpgc 0x0) IP 192.168.50.144.52024 > 3.65.102.105.443: Flags [P.], seq 2011312019:2011312073, ack 673002582, win 2048, options [nop,nop,TS val 777228223 ecr 484269939], length 54 Was there any change in the way pfctl is used or is this a bug? This issue affects negatively privacy features of our product.
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313
Mar ’25
how to extract the hostname from a https/tls request in NEFilterSocketFlow
Hi guys, I try to create a content filter app by using network extension api. When it comes to a https/tls remote endpoint, the remoteEndpoint.hostname will always be "" instead of the actual hostname. How can I extract the actual hostname? private func filterTraffic(flow: NEFilterSocketFlow) -> NEFilterNewFlowVerdict { // Default action from settings will be used if no rules match logger.error("filter traffic...") guard let remoteEndpoint = flow.remoteEndpoint as? NWHostEndpoint else { logger.error("not a NWHostEndpoint)") return .allow() } logger.error("host name: \(remoteEndpoint.hostname)") if remoteEndpoint.hostname.hasSuffix("google.com"){ logger.error("google.com") return .drop() } return .allow() } code-block
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129
Jun ’25
Use cellular data on the app while connected to hardware's wifi that doesn't have internet connection
Hello, I am in a very similar situation as described in the thread: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/655183 Context: I am working on an app that receives data from a hardware device through its Wifi network, and the hardware is not connected to the internet. Now, I would need to call some API while still connected to hardware so I would need to use the cellular data. As mentioned on the thread, I can achieve this via Network framework, using the requiredInterfaceType property. But Is there any other way I can achieve this? I can also do some suggestion on the hardware if that's helpful. Thank you!
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150
Apr ’25
Is there any API or entitlement to scan available Wi-Fi networks on iOS (Xcode 15 / iOS 17+)?
Hello, I’m developing an iOS app with Xcode (Objective-C / Swift), and I would like to know if there is any supported way to retrieve a list of nearby Wi-Fi networks (their SSID and signal strength). I know that NEHotspotConfigurationManager allows to configure a specific network, and the Access WiFi Information entitlement allows getting the current connected network. But is there any API (public, private, or special entitlement) that allows scanning nearby Wi-Fi networks — even for limited purposes like configuration of IoT equipment, or MFi devices? I have seen some apps doing this in the past (probably via private API), but I want to know what is the current official solution. Thanks a lot!
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92
Jun ’25