Core Bluetooth

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Communicate with Bluetooth 4.0 low energy devices using Core Bluetooth.

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SwiftUI View Not Initialized on Background Relaunch (CoreBluetooth / Cold Start?)
I have a question regarding cold start and pre-warming behavior on iOS. I’m developing a SwiftUI app that continuously receives data from a BLE device in the background. We’ve observed that after the BLE stream stops, the OS often terminates our app. Later, when the sensor comes back into range, iOS appears to relaunch (or reinitialize) the app. In our app, we use a WindowGroup like this: WindowGroup { AppView(store: store) } We’ve placed our BLE reconnection logic inside a .task modifier in AppView. What’s confusing is this: Most of the time, when the app is relaunched, AppView is created and the .task runs as expected. However, in about 1 out of 10 cases, AppView is not created at all, so the .task does not execute. I’m trying to understand: Under what conditions does iOS relaunch an app without fully initializing the SwiftUI view hierarchy? Is this related to pre-warming or background relaunch mechanisms (e.g., CoreBluetooth state restoration)? What determines whether the WindowGroup and root view are actually instantiated? Any insight into the system’s relaunch behavior or lifecycle in this scenario would be greatly appreciated.
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Matter.framework without HomeKit: What entitlements are needed for BLE commissioning in a production app?
Hi everyone, I'm developing a standalone Matter controller app on iOS 18+ using Apple's Matter.framework directly — without integrating with Apple Home or HomeKit. We manage our own Matter fabric and handle the full commissioning flow ourselves. Current setup: BLE-based Matter device discovery and commissioning via Matter.framework Own fabric management (not adding devices to Apple Home) During development, we rely on the "Bluetooth Central Matter Client Developer Mode" profile to enable BLE access The challenge: As we approach our App Store release, we need end users to be able to commission Matter devices without installing any developer profiles. I'm trying to figure out the correct entitlement path for a non-HomeKit Matter controller app in production. Questions: Which entitlements are required for a third-party Matter controller app using Matter.framework directly (not via HomeKit) to work in production? Is there a formal entitlement request process for something like com.apple.developer.matter.allow-setup-payload? If so, where do we initiate it? Are there additional program memberships or certifications required beyond the standard Apple Developer Program membership? We've gone through the Matter framework documentation and relevant WWDC sessions but haven't found a clear answer specifically for non-HomeKit standalone Matter controller apps. Would appreciate any input from Apple staff or developers who've shipped a similar app. Happy to provide more details if needed. Tagging for visibility: @Apple or relevant team — this involves a non-HomeKit Matter.framework usage pattern and entitlement approval process.
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Bluetooth Low Energy Connection Parameters
I'm developing an accessory that communicates with iOS/iPadOS via Bluetooth Low Energy and observed some odd behavior. My accessory (peripheral) requests more forgiving BLE connection parameters from the OS (central). The request is initially accepted, but then immediately overwritten by the central with the default parameters. This ultimately leads to a an endless loop of negotiating parameters that eventually results in the peripheral getting overwhelmed and disconnecting. The first solution I tried was simply going along with the central's parameters, but this proved to be less than optimal, as there were still sporadic disconnects. As best as I can tell, the parameters I'm requesting are compliant with Apple's spec (please correct me if I'm wrong): Minimum Connection Interval: 30ms Maximum Connection Interval: 60ms Peripheral Latency: 30 Supervisory Timeout: 6s So my question is this: Is there some mechanism that's causing the central to continuously renegotiate connection parameters, and is there anything I can do inside my accessory to avoid it?
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Bluetooth issues with Espressif ESP32
I'm working with an Espressif ESP32-C5 device. The firmware on the device is based on Espressif's base software, which provides Wifi provisioning services via Bluetooth. My firmware also provides its own Bluetooth services too. When the Espressif part of the firmware connects to Wifi, it re-initializes the entire Bluetooth stack, eliminating all of its own services. Mine get added back, but my app starts failing and doing weird things at this point. I believe it is due to iOS caching the GATT configuration and not recognizing that it has changed. If I restart my phone, the problem is cleared. But this is not a good solution to the problem. I need a way to let iOS know that it should clear any cached information related to this device. How can I do that?
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Availability for BLE background scanning on watchOS whilst dimmed
I am trying to find out about the availability of BLE scanning for advertisements when a watchOS app (on watchOS 26.4 with CoreBluetooth) which starts running a HKWorkoutSession becomes dimmed, ie. due to the user lowering their arm. From my understanding there is still availability for ongoing scanning whilst in the dimmed mode. If this is correct, what settings are required (e.g. using background capability for 'Workout Processing', 'bluetooth-central', etc), and does scanning whilst in background mode limit to requiring service uuids in scanForPeripherals? Also if scanning is throttled, is there an 'estimated' inter scan time? Thanks
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Core Bluetooth Events when enabling State Restoration
Hello dear Apple Platform Engineers, I'm working on an iOS App that connects to a Bluetooth Low Energy Peripheral in the foreground. Whenever the App moves into Background, we want to continue syncing data & therefore implemented State Restoration to be informed about Discovery, Connect, Disconnect or Characteristic changes in the Background in order to wake the App up whenever it was "Terminated due to memory issue". I consulted https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/NetworkingInternetWeb/Conceptual/CoreBluetooth_concepts/CoreBluetoothBackgroundProcessingForIOSApps/PerformingTasksWhileYourAppIsInTheBackground.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40013257-CH7-SW1 for this & assigned: CBCentralManagerOptionRestoreIdentifierKey Reinstantiate the dedicated CentralManager & implemented the centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, willRestoreState dict: [String : Any]) Delegate Additionally, I assigned the following keys on connect(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, options: [String : Any]? = nil) CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnConnectionKey CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnDisconnectionKey CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnNotificationKey However, from my experience the App gets woken up, but neither the willRestoreState nor the didDiscover, didConnect or didDisconnectPeripheral is called even though launchOptions?[UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey.bluetoothCentrals] as? [String] is not empty. What might I be missing when trying to make this approach work? Thanks a lot for any insights & support!
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AccessorySetupKit: Can I use bluetoothNameSubstring be used without bluetoothCompanyIdentifier?
I'm integrating AccessorySetupKit for BLE earbuds discovery and running into an issue with ASDiscoveryDescriptor configuration. Our earbuds don't have a fixed Bluetooth SIG company identifier. So I'm trying to use bluetoothNameSubstring + bluetoothServiceUUID instead. However, this combination never discovers any devices. The picker appears but stays empty. As soon as I add a bluetoothCompanyIdentifier, the device is found instantly. I reproduced this with my Bose QC35 II as well, so it's not specific to our hardware. My configuration: bluetoothServiceUUID: set to our custom UUID bluetoothNameSubstring: set to a substring matching the advertised device name NSAccessorySetupBluetoothServices + NSAccessorySetupBluetoothNames both set in Info.plist supportedOptions: .bluetoothPairingLE iOS 26.3.1, iPhone 11 The documentation doesn't mention that bluetoothCompanyIdentifier is required. Is bluetoothCompanyIdentifier actually required for BLE discovery? If so, is there a recommended approach for devices that don't have a fixed company identifier?
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iPad Pro Wi-Fi ping spikes with Bluetooth (iPadOS 26
Device Info: Device: iPad Pro 2022 (M2) OS: iPadOS 26.4 Network: 5GHz Wi-Fi Accessory: Apple Pencil (2nd Generation) Issue Description: Since updating to iPadOS 26, I experience periodic ping spikes during online gaming whenever Bluetooth is enabled. Since I use an Apple Pencil which requires Bluetooth, the issue affects me constantly during gaming sessions. Simply turning off Bluetooth in Settings does not fix the problem — the only way to temporarily restore normal ping is to turn off Bluetooth and then fully reboot the device. My Wi-Fi connection itself is fine, and other devices on the same 5GHz network have no issues. What I've Already Tried: Confirmed Wi-Fi is on 5GHz band (not 2.4GHz) Turning off Bluetooth + rebooting the device (temporary fix only, not a permanent solution) Reset network settings Updated to the latest iPadOS version (26.4) Important Background: When iPadOS 26 first launched, Apple Support provided a Configuration Profile that resolved the issue upon installation. However, the profile expired after approximately one week, and the problem has persisted ever since — never fixed by any subsequent update. I am currently on iPadOS 26.4 and the issue remains. My Questions: Has anyone else experienced this? Are there any known workarounds? Has Apple released an updated Configuration Profile or announced a fix for this specific issue?
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App review rejection due to accessibility
Hi, and apologies for a long post! We have created an app that enables wireless communication with FIDO2 devices over Bluetooth by creating virtual HID devices and translating the packages. In order to do this, we use the HIDVirtualDevice class as described here: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corehid/creatingvirtualdevices We learned the hard way that this sample code does not work without the “com.apple.developer.hid.virtual.device“ entitlement, but with it, it behaves as expected. Now, our application has been rejected during Review, both by the initial App Review and the appeal to the App Review Board. The problem is that I can’t really figure out what the issue is. The first rejection states the following: The app requests access to Accessibility features on macOS but does not use these features for accessibility purposes. Specifically, the app uses Accessibility features for non-accessibility feature. (Please see attached screenshot) The attached screenshot is of the screen the app shows when requesting permissions, with this code: else if bluetoothManager.requirePermissions { GradientTitle(text: "PERMISSIONS \nNEEDED") Text( """ This application requires additional permissions to run. Open the settings menu to allow access before restarting the application. """ ) and a button with this action: if let url = URL( string:"x-apple.systempreferences:com.apple.preference.security?Privacy_Accessibility" ) { NSWorkspace.shared.open(url) } The requirePermissions boolean is set from here, let properties = HIDVirtualDevice.Properties( descriptor: VirtualDevice.fidoDescriptor, vendorID: VirtualDevice.vendorId ) if HIDVirtualDevice(properties: properties) != nil { await MainActor.run { self.requirePermissions = false } break } else { await MainActor.run { self.requirePermissions = true } When HIDVirtualDevice(properties: properties) is called, a system pop-up with App would like to control this computer using accessibility features. Grant access to this application in Security and Privacy preferences located in System Preferences. shows. I responded to the rejection by trying to argue that allowing you to use your device wirelessly does increase accessibility, and that this is the only purpose of the app. Their response was: Regarding 2.4.5, Accessibility usage. To resolve this issue, it would be appropriate to remove Accessibility usage for non-accessibility purposes. Should you require more assistance with resolving this issue, Apple Developer Technical Support is available to provide direct one-on-one support for discrete code-level questions. Please be sure to include any crash logs, screenshots or steps to reproduce this issue in your request. I contacted technical support and tried to explain the issue again, and got the following response: Guideline 2.4.5 - Performance The app requests access to Accessibility features on macOS but does not use these features for accessibility purposes. Specifically, the app uses Accessibility features for non-accessibility feature. Accessibility features are intended to help users with different capabilities interact with their devices and app. Apps may not use features designed to increase accessibility for other purposes. We understand that the reason for using Accessibility feature on macOS. However, the usage is not compliant with the provided guideline. The last sentence is not complete, and it’s hard to understand what the issue is, given that they have not actually responded to my arguments. My best guess right now is point 2.4.5 (v): 2.4.5 Apps distributed via the Mac App Store have some additional requirements to keep in mind: (v) They may not request escalation to root privileges or use setuid attributes. If this is the case, I can understand the rejection, although it’s strange they didn’t just say so then. If that is correct, given that the system pop-up and accessibility requirement also trigger when running their sample code (which creates a virtual keyboard), does that mean that no one using this class and framework can submit apps to the App Store? I never intended to use an accessibility framework, and I was quite surprised the first time the pop-up appeared. RIght now I'm just confused and dissapointed with the level of feedback from Apple, and would appreciate any help, either in providing a solution or just explaining what the specific issue is.
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BLE Peripherals streaming speeds are significantly slowed with new hardware (iPhone 17, iPad A16)
Hi, we have developed an application that streams data from two BLE peripherals at a rate of 14.5kbps per peripheral. Until now, our devices streamed in near real time with no lag on all Apple devices with Bluetooth 5.0 or greater. Since the release of the iPhone 17 series and the iPad A16, we have reports from users of the data being streamed at significantly lower rates than expected. Any help here would be greatly appreciated as our customers are being affected by this change.
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iOS26 系统锁屏一段时间,蓝牙钥匙和数字钥匙都不能正常工作
Recently, we have received continuous feedback from users that the Bluetooth key and digital key are not working properly or are not functioning; Through analysis of App logs, it was found that after the iOS system locks the screen, the iBeacon background keep-alive function fails, Bluetooth connection also fails, and system callbacks cannot be obtained; the digital key also fails, and it fails simultaneously with the Bluetooth key; We have checked the specific permission configuration and it aligns with the recommended configuration in the official documentation, with no abnormalities. Although this type of issue is not a widespread problem, it has been continuously reported by users and is very troublesome. Does the official team have a clear explanation? Why are both Bluetooth keys and digital keys affected after the app is locked? Digital keys should be less affected. The following is a log analysis of a certain user 1: Step 2, the App entered the background; Step 3, the App's Bluetooth was disconnected; 3-4 The App remained in the background for 5 hours before being launched again 2: This type of issue is due to the system disconnecting the Bluetooth connection when the app enters the background; most likely, the app has been killed by the system when the user gets out of the car, and it has not been revived; the car key also does not work; During the time period from 2026-03-23T17:59:33 to 2026-03-23T21:23:49, why didn't carkey work properly 1:2026-03-23T16:52:11.676+08:00 new_carkey: key:, rssi:-89, AUTH_OK 2:2026-03-23T17:55:51.782+08:00 new_carkey: AppMonitor appDidEnterBackground bleStatus: success(Nimbus.NIOCarBLEKey.State.connected) 3:2026-03-23T17:59:33.747+08:00 new_carkey: ibeacon: didExitRegion, vid: NIO BLE Key, uuid: *** bleStatus: failure(Error Domain=CBErrorDomain Code=15 ""Failed to encrypt the connection, the connection has timed out unexpectedly."" UserInfo={key_device_name=NIO Key 0201 , NSLocalizedDescription=Failed to encrypt the connection, the connection has timed out unexpectedly., vehicle_id=}) " 4:2026-03-23T21:23:49.920+08:00 new_carkey: AppMonitor appDidFinishLaunching: [:] bleStatus: success(Nimbus.NIOCarBLEKey.State.disconnected) 5:2026-03-23T22:01:51.235+08:00 new_carkey: key:****, rssi:-90, AUTH_OK
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Mar ’26
Direction data not available with U2 chip (iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro) when using Murata SR040/SR150 accessory
Hello, I am developing with the Nearby Interaction framework using third-party UWB accessories (Murata SR040/SR150). I observed a difference between U1-based and U2-based iPhones: iPhone 12 Pro (U1 chip) NINearbyObject.direction returns valid 3D vector (x, y, z). Distance and direction both work as expected. iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro (U2 chip) NINearbyObject.direction is always nil. Only distance is returned (around 0.35–0.40 m in my test). Effectively behaves as "distance-only mode". Environment: Hardware: iPhone 12 Pro, iPhone 15 Pro iOS version: 18.5 Accessory: Murata UWB SR040 / SR150 App: Using NINearbyAccessoryConfiguration with BLE-based discovery Info.plist includes NSNearbyInteractionUsageDescription Camera assistance was tested both ON and OFF Expectation: I expected the U2 chip to behave consistently with U1, i.e. provide direction vectors when possible. Instead, on iPhone 15 Pro, direction is always unavailable (nil) while distance is returned correctly. Questions: Is this an intentional limitation for U2 chip + third-party accessories? Is there a new requirement (e.g. certification, firmware update, capability flags) to enable direction on U2 devices? Could this be related to NIDeviceCapability or the new Extended Distance Measurement (EDM) mode in U2? Thanks in advance for any clarification.
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Mar ’26
How to initiate native cellular calls without user confirmation from a companion app (like Meta Ray-Ban glasses)
We are building an AI-powered smart glasses companion app, similar to Meta Ray-Ban. We want to provide true hands-free calling support. Right now, whenever the app tries to dial a native cellular call, iOS shows a confirmation screen that requires the user to tap to start the call. If the user always has to confirm/tap on the phone screen, there is no real point in using smart glasses for making calls. How can we initiate a native outgoing call without any confirmation dialog or extra tap, exactly like Siri does it, or like the Meta Ray-Ban glasses do when the user says “Hey Meta, call [name]” Please guide us on the correct APIs, entitlements, or integration path to achieve this behavior. Thank you.
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Mar ’26
Bluetooth audio packet alignment
We’re evaluating a Bluetooth device that supports Hands Free Profile (HFP) as the “Hands-Free Unit”. You can think of this as a Bluetooth telephone headset. This device interacts with our iOS application. We observed the following. The iPhone 17 HFP Wide-Band Speech (WBS) mSBC decoder requires the WBS packet (H2 header + mSBC frame) to be sent aligned. Aligned meaning, the H2 header must be first in every packet. The WBS packet cannot span multiple eSCO packets or else the iPhone will discard the audio. This is a different implementation than the iPad (iPad Pro 11-inch M4) , presumably due to Apple’s new N1 chip. In other words, we’ve identified that older iPhones and iPads do not require this alignment. They have implemented a stateful parser/decoder of the HFP WBS audio. A quick picture to help illustrate. The iPhone 17 requires: | Frame | Frame | Frame | Frame | However, a Bluetooth implementation we are evaluating does: | me Fra | me Fra | me Fra | me Fra | Does Apple intend to keep this implementation and continue discarding audio frames that are not aligned? Page 115 of the Bluetooth HFP 1.8 specification mentions at the bottom that this behavior is “left up to the implementation” but that the “synchronization header enables unaligned codec audio frames to be recovered by the receiving side.” We understand and acknowledge that one whole frame per eSCO packet is the intended, optimal method for delivering WBS mSBC audio for reduced jitter, latency, and memory usage. However, the more robust solution would be to maintain a stateful receiver as previously implemented. Any input would be appreciated.
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Mar ’26
Can't create a Live Activity from background
Our app is using the CLLocationManager to wake up the app near an iBeacon and then tries to connect to the accessory via bluetooth and UWB. For this to work in the background we need to create a Live Activity and show the user that the app is doing something. When the app is in the foreground or just recently got into the inactivity mode this works fine and we can use CoreBluetooth/NearbyInteraction even when the app then enters the background mode. But when the app is longer in the background creating a Live Activity via Activity.request() throws an ActivityAuthorizationError.visibility. According to the documentation the LiveActivityIntent is able to workaround this background restriction but I get the same exception when I create the LiveActivity from the perform() method. Is there another API to create Live Activities? Do I need to prepare the LiveActivityIntent somehow?
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Mar ’26
Significant change or restart app without location UIBackgroundModes key
Situation: We have an app that only uses location UIBackgroundModes key to restart our app on significant change events as we need it to connect with a BLE device (mounted in the car) when someone starts driving. We cannot use geofence as the car might be used by multiple people so position changes and we don't want to store locations and sent them to multiple users via our servers. So currently we use significant change and just ignore all other location data. During app review we got the following feedback: If the app does not require persistent real-time location updates, please remove the "location" setting from the UIBackgroundModes key. You may wish to use the significant-change location service or the region monitoring location service if persistent real-time location updates are not required for the app features. Question: How to use the significant-change location service without the "location" setting from the UIBackgroundModes key or is there any other way to start the app / connect with the BLE device when it is fully terminated/swiped away? Because the docs state that AuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways is required and without the UIBackgroundModes key location that wouldn't be triggered when app is in the background/swiped away. Reference: https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/LocationAwarenessPG/CoreLocation/CoreLocation.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009497-CH2-SW8
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Mar ’26
Resources for hardware developers?
Good morning, Apple devs. I'm looking for resources and help designing a BLE hardware peripheral that is compatible with iOS and iPad. I've seen the MFi program, but I've also seen plenty of peripheral devices that work with iOS and iPad that are not listed in the MFi compatibility lists. Can anyone refer me to the proper channels to get support for development of a hardware device? Thank you.
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Mar ’26
LaunchAgent (Mac) as peripheral doesn't show a pairing request.
The same code built in a regular Mac app (with UI) does get paired. The characteristic properties are [.read, .write, .notify, .notifyEncryptionRequired] The characteristic permissions are [.readEncryptionRequired, .writeEncryptionRequired] My service is primary. In the iOS app (central) I try to read the characteristic, but an error is reported: Error code: 5, Description: Authentication is insufficient.
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Mar ’26
BLE characteristic values swapped
Several of my users are reporting on at lest recent and current versions of iOS the value from one characteristic can be swapped with another. Originally I thought this was a library issue but it doesn't happen on Android and now a user with two iPhones using the exact same app and iOS 26.3 on both has the issue on one phone but not the other. I've gone into more detail here which also includes a little data dumping to prove the values between characteristics can be mixed up. https://github.com/dotintent/react-native-ble-plx/issues/1316 One user reported cycling Bluetooth on/off fixed the issue but the latest user says it does not. For the peripheral the services can only change if the device enters firmware update mode (in which case the service UUID is different). Otherwise the characteristics on a service never change. This would make it a strange one to be caching related since the cache should always be correct.
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Mar ’26
SwiftUI View Not Initialized on Background Relaunch (CoreBluetooth / Cold Start?)
I have a question regarding cold start and pre-warming behavior on iOS. I’m developing a SwiftUI app that continuously receives data from a BLE device in the background. We’ve observed that after the BLE stream stops, the OS often terminates our app. Later, when the sensor comes back into range, iOS appears to relaunch (or reinitialize) the app. In our app, we use a WindowGroup like this: WindowGroup { AppView(store: store) } We’ve placed our BLE reconnection logic inside a .task modifier in AppView. What’s confusing is this: Most of the time, when the app is relaunched, AppView is created and the .task runs as expected. However, in about 1 out of 10 cases, AppView is not created at all, so the .task does not execute. I’m trying to understand: Under what conditions does iOS relaunch an app without fully initializing the SwiftUI view hierarchy? Is this related to pre-warming or background relaunch mechanisms (e.g., CoreBluetooth state restoration)? What determines whether the WindowGroup and root view are actually instantiated? Any insight into the system’s relaunch behavior or lifecycle in this scenario would be greatly appreciated.
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Matter.framework without HomeKit: What entitlements are needed for BLE commissioning in a production app?
Hi everyone, I'm developing a standalone Matter controller app on iOS 18+ using Apple's Matter.framework directly — without integrating with Apple Home or HomeKit. We manage our own Matter fabric and handle the full commissioning flow ourselves. Current setup: BLE-based Matter device discovery and commissioning via Matter.framework Own fabric management (not adding devices to Apple Home) During development, we rely on the "Bluetooth Central Matter Client Developer Mode" profile to enable BLE access The challenge: As we approach our App Store release, we need end users to be able to commission Matter devices without installing any developer profiles. I'm trying to figure out the correct entitlement path for a non-HomeKit Matter controller app in production. Questions: Which entitlements are required for a third-party Matter controller app using Matter.framework directly (not via HomeKit) to work in production? Is there a formal entitlement request process for something like com.apple.developer.matter.allow-setup-payload? If so, where do we initiate it? Are there additional program memberships or certifications required beyond the standard Apple Developer Program membership? We've gone through the Matter framework documentation and relevant WWDC sessions but haven't found a clear answer specifically for non-HomeKit standalone Matter controller apps. Would appreciate any input from Apple staff or developers who've shipped a similar app. Happy to provide more details if needed. Tagging for visibility: @Apple or relevant team — this involves a non-HomeKit Matter.framework usage pattern and entitlement approval process.
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Bluetooth Low Energy Connection Parameters
I'm developing an accessory that communicates with iOS/iPadOS via Bluetooth Low Energy and observed some odd behavior. My accessory (peripheral) requests more forgiving BLE connection parameters from the OS (central). The request is initially accepted, but then immediately overwritten by the central with the default parameters. This ultimately leads to a an endless loop of negotiating parameters that eventually results in the peripheral getting overwhelmed and disconnecting. The first solution I tried was simply going along with the central's parameters, but this proved to be less than optimal, as there were still sporadic disconnects. As best as I can tell, the parameters I'm requesting are compliant with Apple's spec (please correct me if I'm wrong): Minimum Connection Interval: 30ms Maximum Connection Interval: 60ms Peripheral Latency: 30 Supervisory Timeout: 6s So my question is this: Is there some mechanism that's causing the central to continuously renegotiate connection parameters, and is there anything I can do inside my accessory to avoid it?
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Bluetooth issues with Espressif ESP32
I'm working with an Espressif ESP32-C5 device. The firmware on the device is based on Espressif's base software, which provides Wifi provisioning services via Bluetooth. My firmware also provides its own Bluetooth services too. When the Espressif part of the firmware connects to Wifi, it re-initializes the entire Bluetooth stack, eliminating all of its own services. Mine get added back, but my app starts failing and doing weird things at this point. I believe it is due to iOS caching the GATT configuration and not recognizing that it has changed. If I restart my phone, the problem is cleared. But this is not a good solution to the problem. I need a way to let iOS know that it should clear any cached information related to this device. How can I do that?
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Availability for BLE background scanning on watchOS whilst dimmed
I am trying to find out about the availability of BLE scanning for advertisements when a watchOS app (on watchOS 26.4 with CoreBluetooth) which starts running a HKWorkoutSession becomes dimmed, ie. due to the user lowering their arm. From my understanding there is still availability for ongoing scanning whilst in the dimmed mode. If this is correct, what settings are required (e.g. using background capability for 'Workout Processing', 'bluetooth-central', etc), and does scanning whilst in background mode limit to requiring service uuids in scanForPeripherals? Also if scanning is throttled, is there an 'estimated' inter scan time? Thanks
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Core Bluetooth Events when enabling State Restoration
Hello dear Apple Platform Engineers, I'm working on an iOS App that connects to a Bluetooth Low Energy Peripheral in the foreground. Whenever the App moves into Background, we want to continue syncing data & therefore implemented State Restoration to be informed about Discovery, Connect, Disconnect or Characteristic changes in the Background in order to wake the App up whenever it was "Terminated due to memory issue". I consulted https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/NetworkingInternetWeb/Conceptual/CoreBluetooth_concepts/CoreBluetoothBackgroundProcessingForIOSApps/PerformingTasksWhileYourAppIsInTheBackground.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40013257-CH7-SW1 for this & assigned: CBCentralManagerOptionRestoreIdentifierKey Reinstantiate the dedicated CentralManager & implemented the centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, willRestoreState dict: [String : Any]) Delegate Additionally, I assigned the following keys on connect(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, options: [String : Any]? = nil) CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnConnectionKey CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnDisconnectionKey CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnNotificationKey However, from my experience the App gets woken up, but neither the willRestoreState nor the didDiscover, didConnect or didDisconnectPeripheral is called even though launchOptions?[UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey.bluetoothCentrals] as? [String] is not empty. What might I be missing when trying to make this approach work? Thanks a lot for any insights & support!
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AccessorySetupKit: Can I use bluetoothNameSubstring be used without bluetoothCompanyIdentifier?
I'm integrating AccessorySetupKit for BLE earbuds discovery and running into an issue with ASDiscoveryDescriptor configuration. Our earbuds don't have a fixed Bluetooth SIG company identifier. So I'm trying to use bluetoothNameSubstring + bluetoothServiceUUID instead. However, this combination never discovers any devices. The picker appears but stays empty. As soon as I add a bluetoothCompanyIdentifier, the device is found instantly. I reproduced this with my Bose QC35 II as well, so it's not specific to our hardware. My configuration: bluetoothServiceUUID: set to our custom UUID bluetoothNameSubstring: set to a substring matching the advertised device name NSAccessorySetupBluetoothServices + NSAccessorySetupBluetoothNames both set in Info.plist supportedOptions: .bluetoothPairingLE iOS 26.3.1, iPhone 11 The documentation doesn't mention that bluetoothCompanyIdentifier is required. Is bluetoothCompanyIdentifier actually required for BLE discovery? If so, is there a recommended approach for devices that don't have a fixed company identifier?
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iPad Pro Wi-Fi ping spikes with Bluetooth (iPadOS 26
Device Info: Device: iPad Pro 2022 (M2) OS: iPadOS 26.4 Network: 5GHz Wi-Fi Accessory: Apple Pencil (2nd Generation) Issue Description: Since updating to iPadOS 26, I experience periodic ping spikes during online gaming whenever Bluetooth is enabled. Since I use an Apple Pencil which requires Bluetooth, the issue affects me constantly during gaming sessions. Simply turning off Bluetooth in Settings does not fix the problem — the only way to temporarily restore normal ping is to turn off Bluetooth and then fully reboot the device. My Wi-Fi connection itself is fine, and other devices on the same 5GHz network have no issues. What I've Already Tried: Confirmed Wi-Fi is on 5GHz band (not 2.4GHz) Turning off Bluetooth + rebooting the device (temporary fix only, not a permanent solution) Reset network settings Updated to the latest iPadOS version (26.4) Important Background: When iPadOS 26 first launched, Apple Support provided a Configuration Profile that resolved the issue upon installation. However, the profile expired after approximately one week, and the problem has persisted ever since — never fixed by any subsequent update. I am currently on iPadOS 26.4 and the issue remains. My Questions: Has anyone else experienced this? Are there any known workarounds? Has Apple released an updated Configuration Profile or announced a fix for this specific issue?
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89
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3w
App review rejection due to accessibility
Hi, and apologies for a long post! We have created an app that enables wireless communication with FIDO2 devices over Bluetooth by creating virtual HID devices and translating the packages. In order to do this, we use the HIDVirtualDevice class as described here: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corehid/creatingvirtualdevices We learned the hard way that this sample code does not work without the “com.apple.developer.hid.virtual.device“ entitlement, but with it, it behaves as expected. Now, our application has been rejected during Review, both by the initial App Review and the appeal to the App Review Board. The problem is that I can’t really figure out what the issue is. The first rejection states the following: The app requests access to Accessibility features on macOS but does not use these features for accessibility purposes. Specifically, the app uses Accessibility features for non-accessibility feature. (Please see attached screenshot) The attached screenshot is of the screen the app shows when requesting permissions, with this code: else if bluetoothManager.requirePermissions { GradientTitle(text: "PERMISSIONS \nNEEDED") Text( """ This application requires additional permissions to run. Open the settings menu to allow access before restarting the application. """ ) and a button with this action: if let url = URL( string:"x-apple.systempreferences:com.apple.preference.security?Privacy_Accessibility" ) { NSWorkspace.shared.open(url) } The requirePermissions boolean is set from here, let properties = HIDVirtualDevice.Properties( descriptor: VirtualDevice.fidoDescriptor, vendorID: VirtualDevice.vendorId ) if HIDVirtualDevice(properties: properties) != nil { await MainActor.run { self.requirePermissions = false } break } else { await MainActor.run { self.requirePermissions = true } When HIDVirtualDevice(properties: properties) is called, a system pop-up with App would like to control this computer using accessibility features. Grant access to this application in Security and Privacy preferences located in System Preferences. shows. I responded to the rejection by trying to argue that allowing you to use your device wirelessly does increase accessibility, and that this is the only purpose of the app. Their response was: Regarding 2.4.5, Accessibility usage. To resolve this issue, it would be appropriate to remove Accessibility usage for non-accessibility purposes. Should you require more assistance with resolving this issue, Apple Developer Technical Support is available to provide direct one-on-one support for discrete code-level questions. Please be sure to include any crash logs, screenshots or steps to reproduce this issue in your request. I contacted technical support and tried to explain the issue again, and got the following response: Guideline 2.4.5 - Performance The app requests access to Accessibility features on macOS but does not use these features for accessibility purposes. Specifically, the app uses Accessibility features for non-accessibility feature. Accessibility features are intended to help users with different capabilities interact with their devices and app. Apps may not use features designed to increase accessibility for other purposes. We understand that the reason for using Accessibility feature on macOS. However, the usage is not compliant with the provided guideline. The last sentence is not complete, and it’s hard to understand what the issue is, given that they have not actually responded to my arguments. My best guess right now is point 2.4.5 (v): 2.4.5 Apps distributed via the Mac App Store have some additional requirements to keep in mind: (v) They may not request escalation to root privileges or use setuid attributes. If this is the case, I can understand the rejection, although it’s strange they didn’t just say so then. If that is correct, given that the system pop-up and accessibility requirement also trigger when running their sample code (which creates a virtual keyboard), does that mean that no one using this class and framework can submit apps to the App Store? I never intended to use an accessibility framework, and I was quite surprised the first time the pop-up appeared. RIght now I'm just confused and dissapointed with the level of feedback from Apple, and would appreciate any help, either in providing a solution or just explaining what the specific issue is.
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63
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3w
BLE Peripherals streaming speeds are significantly slowed with new hardware (iPhone 17, iPad A16)
Hi, we have developed an application that streams data from two BLE peripherals at a rate of 14.5kbps per peripheral. Until now, our devices streamed in near real time with no lag on all Apple devices with Bluetooth 5.0 or greater. Since the release of the iPhone 17 series and the iPad A16, we have reports from users of the data being streamed at significantly lower rates than expected. Any help here would be greatly appreciated as our customers are being affected by this change.
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7
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818
Activity
4w
iOS26 系统锁屏一段时间,蓝牙钥匙和数字钥匙都不能正常工作
Recently, we have received continuous feedback from users that the Bluetooth key and digital key are not working properly or are not functioning; Through analysis of App logs, it was found that after the iOS system locks the screen, the iBeacon background keep-alive function fails, Bluetooth connection also fails, and system callbacks cannot be obtained; the digital key also fails, and it fails simultaneously with the Bluetooth key; We have checked the specific permission configuration and it aligns with the recommended configuration in the official documentation, with no abnormalities. Although this type of issue is not a widespread problem, it has been continuously reported by users and is very troublesome. Does the official team have a clear explanation? Why are both Bluetooth keys and digital keys affected after the app is locked? Digital keys should be less affected. The following is a log analysis of a certain user 1: Step 2, the App entered the background; Step 3, the App's Bluetooth was disconnected; 3-4 The App remained in the background for 5 hours before being launched again 2: This type of issue is due to the system disconnecting the Bluetooth connection when the app enters the background; most likely, the app has been killed by the system when the user gets out of the car, and it has not been revived; the car key also does not work; During the time period from 2026-03-23T17:59:33 to 2026-03-23T21:23:49, why didn't carkey work properly 1:2026-03-23T16:52:11.676+08:00 new_carkey: key:, rssi:-89, AUTH_OK 2:2026-03-23T17:55:51.782+08:00 new_carkey: AppMonitor appDidEnterBackground bleStatus: success(Nimbus.NIOCarBLEKey.State.connected) 3:2026-03-23T17:59:33.747+08:00 new_carkey: ibeacon: didExitRegion, vid: NIO BLE Key, uuid: *** bleStatus: failure(Error Domain=CBErrorDomain Code=15 ""Failed to encrypt the connection, the connection has timed out unexpectedly."" UserInfo={key_device_name=NIO Key 0201 , NSLocalizedDescription=Failed to encrypt the connection, the connection has timed out unexpectedly., vehicle_id=}) " 4:2026-03-23T21:23:49.920+08:00 new_carkey: AppMonitor appDidFinishLaunching: [:] bleStatus: success(Nimbus.NIOCarBLEKey.State.disconnected) 5:2026-03-23T22:01:51.235+08:00 new_carkey: key:****, rssi:-90, AUTH_OK
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123
Activity
Mar ’26
Direction data not available with U2 chip (iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro) when using Murata SR040/SR150 accessory
Hello, I am developing with the Nearby Interaction framework using third-party UWB accessories (Murata SR040/SR150). I observed a difference between U1-based and U2-based iPhones: iPhone 12 Pro (U1 chip) NINearbyObject.direction returns valid 3D vector (x, y, z). Distance and direction both work as expected. iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro (U2 chip) NINearbyObject.direction is always nil. Only distance is returned (around 0.35–0.40 m in my test). Effectively behaves as "distance-only mode". Environment: Hardware: iPhone 12 Pro, iPhone 15 Pro iOS version: 18.5 Accessory: Murata UWB SR040 / SR150 App: Using NINearbyAccessoryConfiguration with BLE-based discovery Info.plist includes NSNearbyInteractionUsageDescription Camera assistance was tested both ON and OFF Expectation: I expected the U2 chip to behave consistently with U1, i.e. provide direction vectors when possible. Instead, on iPhone 15 Pro, direction is always unavailable (nil) while distance is returned correctly. Questions: Is this an intentional limitation for U2 chip + third-party accessories? Is there a new requirement (e.g. certification, firmware update, capability flags) to enable direction on U2 devices? Could this be related to NIDeviceCapability or the new Extended Distance Measurement (EDM) mode in U2? Thanks in advance for any clarification.
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4
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470
Activity
Mar ’26
How to initiate native cellular calls without user confirmation from a companion app (like Meta Ray-Ban glasses)
We are building an AI-powered smart glasses companion app, similar to Meta Ray-Ban. We want to provide true hands-free calling support. Right now, whenever the app tries to dial a native cellular call, iOS shows a confirmation screen that requires the user to tap to start the call. If the user always has to confirm/tap on the phone screen, there is no real point in using smart glasses for making calls. How can we initiate a native outgoing call without any confirmation dialog or extra tap, exactly like Siri does it, or like the Meta Ray-Ban glasses do when the user says “Hey Meta, call [name]” Please guide us on the correct APIs, entitlements, or integration path to achieve this behavior. Thank you.
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0
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57
Activity
Mar ’26
Bluetooth audio packet alignment
We’re evaluating a Bluetooth device that supports Hands Free Profile (HFP) as the “Hands-Free Unit”. You can think of this as a Bluetooth telephone headset. This device interacts with our iOS application. We observed the following. The iPhone 17 HFP Wide-Band Speech (WBS) mSBC decoder requires the WBS packet (H2 header + mSBC frame) to be sent aligned. Aligned meaning, the H2 header must be first in every packet. The WBS packet cannot span multiple eSCO packets or else the iPhone will discard the audio. This is a different implementation than the iPad (iPad Pro 11-inch M4) , presumably due to Apple’s new N1 chip. In other words, we’ve identified that older iPhones and iPads do not require this alignment. They have implemented a stateful parser/decoder of the HFP WBS audio. A quick picture to help illustrate. The iPhone 17 requires: | Frame | Frame | Frame | Frame | However, a Bluetooth implementation we are evaluating does: | me Fra | me Fra | me Fra | me Fra | Does Apple intend to keep this implementation and continue discarding audio frames that are not aligned? Page 115 of the Bluetooth HFP 1.8 specification mentions at the bottom that this behavior is “left up to the implementation” but that the “synchronization header enables unaligned codec audio frames to be recovered by the receiving side.” We understand and acknowledge that one whole frame per eSCO packet is the intended, optimal method for delivering WBS mSBC audio for reduced jitter, latency, and memory usage. However, the more robust solution would be to maintain a stateful receiver as previously implemented. Any input would be appreciated.
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3
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159
Activity
Mar ’26
Can't create a Live Activity from background
Our app is using the CLLocationManager to wake up the app near an iBeacon and then tries to connect to the accessory via bluetooth and UWB. For this to work in the background we need to create a Live Activity and show the user that the app is doing something. When the app is in the foreground or just recently got into the inactivity mode this works fine and we can use CoreBluetooth/NearbyInteraction even when the app then enters the background mode. But when the app is longer in the background creating a Live Activity via Activity.request() throws an ActivityAuthorizationError.visibility. According to the documentation the LiveActivityIntent is able to workaround this background restriction but I get the same exception when I create the LiveActivity from the perform() method. Is there another API to create Live Activities? Do I need to prepare the LiveActivityIntent somehow?
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1
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239
Activity
Mar ’26
Significant change or restart app without location UIBackgroundModes key
Situation: We have an app that only uses location UIBackgroundModes key to restart our app on significant change events as we need it to connect with a BLE device (mounted in the car) when someone starts driving. We cannot use geofence as the car might be used by multiple people so position changes and we don't want to store locations and sent them to multiple users via our servers. So currently we use significant change and just ignore all other location data. During app review we got the following feedback: If the app does not require persistent real-time location updates, please remove the "location" setting from the UIBackgroundModes key. You may wish to use the significant-change location service or the region monitoring location service if persistent real-time location updates are not required for the app features. Question: How to use the significant-change location service without the "location" setting from the UIBackgroundModes key or is there any other way to start the app / connect with the BLE device when it is fully terminated/swiped away? Because the docs state that AuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways is required and without the UIBackgroundModes key location that wouldn't be triggered when app is in the background/swiped away. Reference: https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/LocationAwarenessPG/CoreLocation/CoreLocation.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009497-CH2-SW8
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3
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165
Activity
Mar ’26
Resources for hardware developers?
Good morning, Apple devs. I'm looking for resources and help designing a BLE hardware peripheral that is compatible with iOS and iPad. I've seen the MFi program, but I've also seen plenty of peripheral devices that work with iOS and iPad that are not listed in the MFi compatibility lists. Can anyone refer me to the proper channels to get support for development of a hardware device? Thank you.
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113
Activity
Mar ’26
LaunchAgent (Mac) as peripheral doesn't show a pairing request.
The same code built in a regular Mac app (with UI) does get paired. The characteristic properties are [.read, .write, .notify, .notifyEncryptionRequired] The characteristic permissions are [.readEncryptionRequired, .writeEncryptionRequired] My service is primary. In the iOS app (central) I try to read the characteristic, but an error is reported: Error code: 5, Description: Authentication is insufficient.
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9
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693
Activity
Mar ’26
BLE characteristic values swapped
Several of my users are reporting on at lest recent and current versions of iOS the value from one characteristic can be swapped with another. Originally I thought this was a library issue but it doesn't happen on Android and now a user with two iPhones using the exact same app and iOS 26.3 on both has the issue on one phone but not the other. I've gone into more detail here which also includes a little data dumping to prove the values between characteristics can be mixed up. https://github.com/dotintent/react-native-ble-plx/issues/1316 One user reported cycling Bluetooth on/off fixed the issue but the latest user says it does not. For the peripheral the services can only change if the device enters firmware update mode (in which case the service UUID is different). Otherwise the characteristics on a service never change. This would make it a strange one to be caching related since the cache should always be correct.
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3
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100
Activity
Mar ’26
why bluetooth profile for ios disappeared?
https://developer.apple.com/feedback-assistant/profiles-and-logs/ There is no iOS profile in this link.
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96
Activity
Mar ’26